How to supplement for anemia in diabetic nephropathy?

Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
Updated on September 04, 2024
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Patients with diabetic nephropathy who exhibit anemia are often in a state of chronic renal failure. This anemia caused by chronic kidney disease is mainly due to the decreased secretion of erythropoietin by the kidneys. Therefore, treatment involves the use of erythropoietin to stimulate bone marrow hematopoiesis. In addition to this medication, patients generally also need to supplement with iron preparations, such as ferrous succinate, sucrose iron, etc., and take oral folic acid, all of which are raw materials for blood formation. Furthermore, if patients have severe malnutrition, they should also supplement with foods rich in protein, such as eggs, milk, chicken, duck, fish, etc. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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How is diabetic nephropathy diagnosed?

The diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy primarily relies on the clinical symptoms and medical history of the patient. Such patients often exhibit proteinuria, sometimes even severe proteinuria, and may also experience renal failure. Additionally, these patients have a history of diabetes, usually extending over ten years, followed by renal damage, and often accompanied by diabetic retinopathy. In such cases, a preliminary diagnosis can be made based on clinical features. However, there is still a risk of misdiagnosis, as the proteinuria could also be caused by other diseases affecting the glomeruli. Therefore, to confirm the diagnosis, it is best to conduct a renal biopsy, which can provide a definitive diagnosis.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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How to supplement for anemia in diabetic nephropathy?

Patients with diabetic nephropathy who exhibit anemia are often in a state of chronic renal failure. This anemia caused by chronic kidney disease is mainly due to the decreased secretion of erythropoietin by the kidneys. Therefore, treatment involves the use of erythropoietin to stimulate bone marrow hematopoiesis. In addition to this medication, patients generally also need to supplement with iron preparations, such as ferrous succinate, sucrose iron, etc., and take oral folic acid, all of which are raw materials for blood formation. Furthermore, if patients have severe malnutrition, they should also supplement with foods rich in protein, such as eggs, milk, chicken, duck, fish, etc. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Late-stage symptoms of diabetic nephropathy

When patients with diabetic nephropathy reach the advanced stage, they actually already have severe renal failure. Prior to this, patients generally exhibit noticeable proteinuria. Continued progression of the disease will lead to the destruction of most of the renal tissues, causing renal failure. This condition is quite serious; patients often experience significant edema, even severe generalized edema. The accumulation of a large amount of fluid in the body leads to an increase in blood volume, and both the preload and afterload on the heart increase, often accompanied by symptoms of heart failure. When patients experience heart failure, they may find it impossible to lie flat and may experience chest tightness, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing after activity, potentially endangering their lives.

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Written by Pan Wu Shan
Nephrology
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What can diabetic nephropathy eat?

Diabetic nephropathy, as the name suggests, is a complication of the kidneys caused by long-term poor control of blood sugar in diabetes. Its most typical symptoms include significant proteinuria and potential body edema. Generally, there is no particularly good method to treat diabetic nephropathy; firstly, it is necessary to control blood sugar well, ensuring that fasting blood glucose does not exceed 7 mmol/L, and blood glucose two hours after a meal does not exceed 10 mmol/L. Additionally, some kidney-protective measures can be used to reduce urinary protein, etc. Furthermore, foods high in sugar, fried foods, and those high in starch should be avoided, such as potatoes, taro, sweet potatoes, and vermicelli, all of which should be consumed less.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Early signs of diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is caused by long-term diabetes leading to damage in the small blood vessels. Generally, patients have a history of diabetes for over ten years. Diabetic nephropathy progresses through several stages. In the early stages, patients primarily exhibit microalbuminuria. Due to the presence of protein in the urine, patients may experience increased urine foam, especially noticeable with morning urination. Some patients may develop swelling in the lower limbs and around the eyelids. As the condition progresses, the amount of urine protein increases and the swelling becomes more pronounced, potentially reaching the level of nephrotic syndrome.