Causes of acute heart failure include

Written by Wei Shi Liang

Intensive Care Unit

Updated on September 15, 2024

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Most patients with acute heart failure have a history of heart disease, and the common causes mainly include: 1. Acute myocardial necrosis or damage, such as acute coronary syndrome, peripartum cardiomyopathy, and myocardial damage caused by drugs or toxins, including sepsis-induced myocardial damage. 2. Acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure due to infection or other stressful factors. 3. Acute hemodynamic changes, mainly including conditions like cardiac tamponade, hypertensive crisis, aortic dissection, and acute valvular regurgitation, all of which can lead to acute heart failure.

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Written by Zhang Yue Mei

Cardiology

38sec

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Heart Failure Drug Therapy

Due to some myocardial diseases that cause damage to the myocardium, or other reasons that increase the heart's load, heart failure may occur. Clinical treatment involves strengthening the heart and promoting diuresis, improving blood vessel function, increasing the heart’s contractility, reducing the heart’s resistance, and decreasing the volume of blood returning to the heart. Through these effective drug treatments, heart failure can be corrected. Patients with heart failure should avoid excessive fatigue and maintain a low-salt diet to prevent increasing the burden on the heart.

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Written by Zhou Yan

Geriatrics

1min 22sec

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Triggers of acute heart failure

The triggers of acute heart failure include the following aspects: Respiratory infections are the most common and important trigger, and infective endocarditis is also not uncommon. However, due to its concealed onset, it is easily underdiagnosed. The second is arrhythmia, among which atrial fibrillation is one of the most common arrhythmias in organic heart disease and is also an important factor leading to heart failure. Additionally, rapid arrhythmias can also cause acute heart failure. The third is an increase in blood volume, such as excessive salt intake or excessive or rapid intravenous fluid administration. The fourth is excessive physical exertion or emotional excitement, such as during late pregnancy or childbirth. The fifth aspect is improper treatment, inappropriate use of diuretics or antihypertensive drugs, which can also trigger an episode of acute heart failure. Furthermore, whether it is an exacerbation of existing heart disease or complications with other diseases, such as coronary heart disease with myocardial infarction, rheumatic disease becoming active, or complications with hyperthyroidism or anemia, can all cause acute heart failure.

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Written by Fan Yan Fu

Cardiology

1min 23sec

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Why do we need to supplement potassium for heart failure?

Potassium ions are very important in the cardiac muscle cells, playing a critical role in maintaining the stability of the electrical activity of these cells. Thus, in conditions like heart failure or other cardiovascular diseases, it is essential to keep potassium levels within a certain range in order to reduce serious cardiac events. When potassium levels fall, cardiac electrical activity can become disordered, potentially leading to a sudden cardiac arrest. This is particularly the case in heart failure where the cardiac muscle cells are in a diseased state, making them more sensitive to low potassium levels. Thus, they are more prone to sudden cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death. Therefore, for cardiovascular diseases, particularly heart failure, there is a high priority on supplementing potassium, generally increasing it to above 4.0 and even around 4.5 to be safe. Additionally, patients with heart failure often have poor diets, leading to lower potassium intake and consumption of potassium-rich foods, necessitating pharmacological potassium supplementation. Heart failure patients frequently use diuretics, which can lead to higher potassium loss, thus requiring additional potassium supplementation. For these reasons, potassium supplementation is particularly emphasized in patients with heart failure.

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Written by Zhang Yue Mei

Cardiology

1min 2sec

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What is a good diet for heart failure?

Heart failure is one of the most common complications of various organic heart diseases. After the onset of heart failure, it is necessary to use effective medications to treat the primary disease causing the heart failure. At the same time, methods such as cardiotonics, diuretics, and vasodilators should be used to reduce the burden on the heart as much as possible and correct heart failure in a timely manner. Patients with heart failure should rest, keep calm, and avoid overexertion in daily life. Their diet should primarily consist of low-fat and low-salt foods, and they should abstain from smoking and drinking alcohol. They should avoid spicy foods, pickled foods, and overly salty foods. Eating overly salty foods can increase blood volume, increase the burden on the heart, and worsen heart failure. (The use of medications should be conducted under the guidance of a professional doctor.)

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Written by Wang Li Bing

Intensive Care Medicine Department

42sec

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Is acute heart failure dangerous?

Acute heart failure is very dangerous in clinical practice. It is mainly caused by a sudden decrease in cardiac output, leading to insufficient perfusion in tissues and organs and acute blood stasis syndrome. The main clinical symptoms include severe respiratory distress, often accompanied by restlessness, profuse sweating, frequent coughing with pink frothy sputum, and in severe cases, sudden cardiac and respiratory arrest can occur. After the occurrence of acute heart failure, effective measures should be taken to alleviate symptoms such as respiratory distress. The most effective methods in clinical practice include strengthening the heart, promoting diuresis, and dilating blood vessels.