How to check for arteriosclerosis?

Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
Updated on March 31, 2025
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Arteriosclerosis is a relatively common disease in our daily life. After being diagnosed with arteriosclerosis, the following tests should be considered: Firstly, blood tests, such as lipid panels, are necessary to determine the levels of blood lipids. Based on the results, medication might be required for treatment. Secondly, arterial Doppler ultrasound is useful as it can effectively detect the presence and severity of arteriosclerosis. Thirdly, arterial angiography is recommended when there is a strong suspicion of arterial narrowing due to arteriosclerosis, leading to coronary heart disease or other conditions. This test helps in determining the severity of the arteriosclerosis and in deciding the treatment plan.

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Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
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Early symptoms of arteriosclerosis

Arteriosclerosis often has many symptoms, which mainly depend on the location of the arteriosclerosis. For example, patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis often experience dizziness, headaches, or confusion, If it is coronary arteriosclerosis, it often causes symptoms of chest tightness or shortness of breath in patients, which tend to be more obvious or worsen after activity, If it is lower limb arteriosclerosis, it often causes pain when walking, which can disappear or significantly reduce after rest.

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Written by Zeng Wei Jie
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Causes of Arteriosclerosis

Arteriosclerosis, the most common and important type of arteriosclerosis, is characterized by thickening and hardening of the arterial walls, loss of elasticity, and narrowing of the lumen. The causes are currently considered to be related to several factors, including age and gender, with older males being more prone. Patients with abnormal blood lipids, hypertension, smokers, those with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance, obese patients, and those with a family history are all more likely to develop arteriosclerosis. Due to the incomplete certainty of the causes, its prevention and control are also managed through multiple factors.

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Written by Cai Li E
Cardiology
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Arteriosclerosis has what manifestations?

Arteriosclerosis symptoms vary depending on the affected organ. Coronary arteriosclerosis primarily manifests as angina, while cerebral arteriosclerosis mainly results in cerebral embolism, potentially causing symptoms such as hemiplegia. Chronic cerebral ischemia can lead to cerebral atrophy and progress to vascular dementia. Aortic arteriosclerosis often displays no specific symptoms. Renal arteriosclerosis can cause refractory hypertension, and if a renal artery thrombosis occurs, it may lead to pain in the kidney area, oliguria, and fever. Chronic kidney ischemia can lead to kidney atrophy and progress to renal failure. Mesenteric arteriosclerosis can cause symptoms like indigestion, decreased intestinal tone, constipation, and abdominal pain. Arteriosclerosis in the limbs, often seen in the lower extremities, can cause symptoms such as coldness in the legs, numbness, and the typical intermittent claudication.

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How to eliminate atherosclerotic plaques?

Arterial plaques associated with atherosclerosis are generally impossible to completely eliminate, but it is feasible to prevent the progression of the disease and strive for stable reversal. Achieving stability and reversal involves a balanced diet, appropriate physical and athletic activity, maintaining a positive mood, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption, and actively controlling hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Additionally, some medications that stabilize plaques may be necessary, mainly including lipid-modifying statins. For patients with soft plaques who are at risk of acute cardiovascular events, it may also be necessary to take anti-vascular medications. For those already showing signs of organ ischemia, interventional or surgical treatment may even be needed. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Can arteriosclerosis be cured?

There are currently many data to prove that the progression of arteriosclerotic lesions is not irreversible. Through angiography or intravascular ultrasound, it has been confirmed that early arteriosclerotic lesions can partially recede after controlling and treating risk factors for a period of time. This demonstrates that arteriosclerosis can be actively managed by controlling its risk factors, such as abnormal blood lipids, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, reduced glucose tolerance, obesity, Type A personality, and dietary patterns, and it can be treated. However, there are three aspects that are still uncontrollable: age, gender, and family history. This indicates that it is not possible to completely cure the condition; it can only alleviate the progression of the disease.