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Liver cancer
Does liver cancer cause nosebleeds in its early stages?
Patients with early-stage liver cancer generally do not exhibit clinical symptoms of nosebleeds. Nosebleeds are a clinical manifestation of late-stage liver cancer. Early-stage liver cancer patients usually have atypical symptoms, which may include tenderness in the liver area, decreased appetite, abdominal bloating, and symptoms of indigestion. As the disease progresses, the liver cancer invades surrounding tissues and metastasizes to distant sites, leading to liver function impairment and coagulation disorders, which can result in nosebleeds. Some patients may also develop splenic hyperfunction due to liver damage, leading to a decrease in platelets, which can also cause nosebleeds. Additionally, some patients in the late stages may develop disseminated intravascular coagulation, leading to spontaneous internal and mucosal bleeding, clinically manifesting as nosebleeds.
Can hepatitis B turn into liver cancer?
Hepatitis B can gradually develop into cirrhosis or liver cancer. Therefore, if a hepatitis B virus infection is detected, it needs attention. If the hepatitis B surface antigen is positive in the HBV "two-and-a-half" test, it indicates a hepatitis B virus infection. Once infected with the hepatitis B virus, it is necessary to regularly check liver function and hepatitis B virus DNA, as well as have abdominal ultrasounds. If an increase in transaminases is found, it indicates the transformation into chronic hepatitis B, necessitating liver-protecting and enzyme-lowering treatments. If the hepatitis B virus DNA exceeds a certain value, antiviral treatment is also needed. After being infected with the hepatitis B virus, it is crucial to rest and avoid excessive fatigue and staying up late.
Liver cancer B-ultrasound manifestations
Generally speaking, for diseases of the hepatobiliary system, most of us conduct examinations using ultrasound because it is very convenient, safe, involves no radiation, and the results are relatively quick. Generally, liver cancer can appear as hypoechoic, hyperechoic, or mixed echogenicity on ultrasound. Most such liver cancer nodules may have a complete capsule, but some may not have a complete capsule. Overall, this type of liver cancer tends to grow expansively and invasively, compressing the surrounding normal liver tissue, and possibly showing some halo signs around it. The vast majority of liver cancers do not occur independently; they usually develop gradually from cirrhosis. Therefore, there is often an enlargement of the portal vein, and in some cases of liver cancer with metastasis, thrombosis in the portal vein can be seen.
What are the symptoms on the face in the early stages of liver cancer?
In early-stage liver cancer patients, symptoms generally do not appear on their faces. This is because the tumors in early liver cancer are small, the lesions are localized, with shallow infiltration, no invasion of surrounding tissues or metastasis to distant organs, and thus, less damage to liver cells. Therefore, most cases do not show obvious symptoms clinically. Only when the lesions progress further do symptoms of disease dissemination appear in patients. These symptoms include persistent pain in the liver area, a significant decrease in appetite, fatigue, fever, and weight loss. Some patients may also experience symptoms of metastatic lesions, such as pain in bone metastases, headache, vomiting, hemiplegia, and aphasia in brain metastases, and cough, breathing difficulties, and chest pain in lung metastases.
Is primary liver cancer hereditary?
The occurrence of tumors is related to multiple factors including genetics, environment, and the lifestyle habits of the patient. Therefore, primary liver cancer does have a genetic component. If parents, siblings, grandparents, etc., have a history of liver cancer, the offspring of such patients might have a higher probability of developing liver cancer compared to the general population. However, it's not absolute, as it also depends on other factors like environment, personal dietary habits, lifestyle habits, whether one has hepatitis, alcoholic liver cirrhosis, and other similar factors. Thus, those with a family history of liver cancer are likely to have a higher risk of developing the condition and should be more vigilant about disease screening. Screening should be more frequent than for the general population, but this is not an absolute rule.
Does primary liver cancer have a genetic basis?
Primary liver cancer is generally not certain to be hereditary, but it may be somewhat related to genetics. For example, there are often phenomena of family and regional clustering of liver cancer. Current research believes that primary liver cancer, commonly referred to as liver cancer, is the result of a combination of factors, closely associated with hepatitis virus infection, aflatoxin infection, and contaminated drinking water. Common scenarios include hepatitis B virus infection leading to hepatitis B followed by cirrhosis, which can further develop into primary liver cancer. Also, long-term alcohol abuse leading to alcoholic cirrhosis can also result in liver cancer.
Can a cystic lesion in the liver be liver cancer?
Clinically, cystic lesions in the liver are mostly not liver cancer lesions, because liver cancer is a malignant tumor occurring in the liver. Clinically, on imaging, it is mainly manifested as occupying lesions in the liver, appearing as multiple hepatic nodules fused into a mass, or as a huge single nodular lesion. These lesions generally appear as solid lesions. When the tumor is large, ischemic necrosis can occur due to insufficient blood supply to the central area, resulting in cystic changes in the central region of the solid lesion. Therefore, some patients with large liver cancer may have cystic and solid lesions on imaging, but in most cases, liver cancer lesions are solid.
Does early-stage liver cancer metastasize?
Patients with early-stage liver cancer generally do not experience metastasis. This is because for patients with early-stage liver cancer, the lesions are localized and have not spread, thus being classified as early-stage. Moreover, the general treatment for patients with early-stage liver cancer involves curative surgery. Since the lesions are localized, in most cases, there will be no recurrence or metastasis after the surgery. Therefore, for early-stage patients, there is no need to administer adjuvant radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy and other anti-tumor treatments after the surgery. However, once the liver cancer lesions invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant sites, it indicates that the lesions have spread, and the clinical stage has progressed to mid or late stages, losing the opportunity for curative surgery. Most patients undergo comprehensive treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy which generally results in a reduction in survival time.
Does liver palm mean liver cancer?
Liver palm is not liver cancer; it is a clinical symptom caused by the stage of liver cirrhosis in patients. Once liver palm appears, it is important to pay attention and visit the gastroenterology or hepatology department of a standard hospital for a complete liver function test and upper abdominal imaging to confirm the diagnosis of the disease. Depending on the specific diagnosis, appropriate treatment measures should be taken. If liver palm is caused by alcoholic liver disease leading to cirrhosis, active abstinence from alcohol is necessary. If it is caused by viral hepatitis, antiviral treatment is required, along with active liver-protective treatment.
What should someone with advanced liver cancer eat if they have no appetite?
In the late stages of liver cancer, loss of appetite may be related to gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by widespread metastasis of cancer cells. If loss of appetite occurs, it is first recommended to try eating orally as much as possible, and consuming rice porridge or noodle soup to increase nutrition. If there is still no appetite, nutritional support can be provided through parenteral nutrition, such as using nutritional elements and substances for intravenous treatment. If the results are not satisfactory, medication can be administered through a central venous catheter for better outcomes.