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Yao Li Qin
Pediatrics
About me
Practicing physician, graduated from the Department of Pediatrics with a bachelor's degree from university, has been working in pediatric internal medicine for twenty-five years.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in common pediatric diseases such as colds, pneumonia, diarrhea, eczema, neonatal jaundice, infant feeding, and more.
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How to care for baby eczema that has broken skin
Babies develop eczema due to localized dry skin, which results in itchy skin. The child may scratch the itchy area, possibly causing the eczema to break open. Once broken, it is prone to secondary bacterial infections. To address a secondary bacterial infection, first, disinfect the area locally, then apply an antibiotic ointment to the child, such as mupirocin or erythromycin ointment. After the lesion heals, actively maintain moisture in the skin. If necessary, under the guidance of a hospital doctor, use mild corticosteroid ointments. Generally, eczema can be well-controlled. Additionally, for children on formula, depending on the severity of the eczema, feed them amino acid-based formula or hydrolyzed protein formula. If the child is breastfed, the mother should be mindful of her diet and avoid consuming beef, lamb, nuts, seafood, and fermented rice wine. (Please consult a doctor before using any specific medications and do not self-medicate.)
How to treat roseola infantum?
Pediatric acute rash is a common febrile rash disease seen in infants and young children, mostly occurring between six months to one and a half years old. Its main symptom is a fever for three days followed by a rash as the fever subsides. Before the rash appears, it is not known to be pediatric acute rash. The treatment mainly involves symptomatic management, as it is caused by a viral infection, so some antiviral medications can be taken. Symptomatic treatment primarily involves reducing fever. The principle for fever reduction is that if the body temperature exceeds 38.5 degrees Celsius, give the child fever-reducing medication, such as ibuprofen suspension; below 38.5, physical cooling methods are sufficient. Once the fever has lasted three days and the rash appears confirming pediatric acute rash, all medications can be discontinued. The child should drink plenty of water and rest. Generally, the rash will fully develop within about 24 hours, and then naturally subside over the following three to five days.
Rickets lack what vitamin
Rickets, also known as vitamin D deficiency rickets, is a chronic nutritional disease characterized by bone lesions, caused by insufficient vitamin D in a child's body, leading to disrupted calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Typically, it is evident in the incomplete mineralization of the growing long bones' metaphyseal ends and bone tissue, resulting in the softening or deformation of the bones. All children, including full-term infants after two weeks, premature infants, twins, and low birth weight infants after one week, should start supplementing with vitamin D. This is because the content of vitamin D in foods, such as breast milk or various infant formulas, is not sufficient to meet the needs of children. Therefore, a lack of timely vitamin D supplementation after birth can lead to a deficiency and consequently rickets, a disease caused by a lack of vitamin D. (Please use medication under the guidance of a professional physician, and do not medicate blindly.)
Pediatric colds are classified into several types.
Child colds, also known as acute upper respiratory infections, are acute inflammations of the upper respiratory tract caused by various pathogens. Child colds are mainly caused by bacterial and viral infections, with over 90% being viral. The main viruses involved include rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, Coxsackie virus, echovirus, adenovirus, and coronaviruses. Viral infections can lead to secondary bacterial infections, with the most common bacterial infections being from Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Additionally, Mycoplasma pneumoniae not only can cause pneumonia but is also a cause of upper respiratory infections, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. Therefore, when a child has a cold, it's also important to consider the possibility of a Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
Child diarrhea test items
Pediatric diarrhea is a common disease in children characterized by an increase in stool frequency and specific stool shapes, caused by multiple pathogens and factors. Common tests for children with diarrhea start with routine stool tests. Stool culture is meaningful for identifying the pathogens causing diarrhea, and the latex agglutination test has diagnostic value for viral gastroenteritis. The stool-reducing sugar test primarily assesses malabsorption of disaccharides, lactose intolerance, etc. Counting and classifying white blood cells mainly clarify the presence of bacterial infections. Since diarrhea often accompanies electrolyte disturbances and dehydration, biochemical blood tests are necessary, and sometimes, X-rays of the abdominal plain film, ultrasound, endoscopy, and other examinations are needed.
How to deal with neonatal jaundice hemolysis?
Neonatal hemolytic disease refers to alloimmune hemolysis caused by maternal-fetal blood type incompatibility, commonly seen in life with A, B, O blood type mismatches, and Rh blood type mismatch is less common. Once neonatal hemolytic disease is diagnosed, aggressive treatment must be pursued. Initially, phototherapy treatment is recommended, commonly referred to as blue light therapy. Additionally, medication therapy for the child is necessary, frequently involving albumin and intravenous immunoglobulin, along with the use of sodium bicarbonate to correct acidosis. If the aforementioned treatments do not yield satisfactory results, blood exchange treatment should be considered for the child. This mainly involves removing free antibodies and sensitized red blood cells from the blood, thereby alleviating hemolysis and ultimately achieving therapeutic goals. (Please use medication under the guidance of a doctor.)
Treatment of Rickets
Rickets is a nutritional metabolic disease caused by a lack of vitamin D, which also involves changes in the bones. Once rickets is definitively diagnosed, it is essential to start aggressive treatment. Treatment should be carried out under the guidance of a hospital doctor with high doses of vitamin D, while also appropriately supplementing the child with calcium. It's necessary to regularly draw blood to test for vitamin D levels and to monitor the improvement of various indicators in the child. When vitamin D levels have fully normalized, there will no longer be a need to administer high doses of vitamin D to the child, and the dosage can be adjusted to the physiological requirement. Additionally, it is crucial to increase the child’s outdoor activities and exposure to sunlight, as this is very helpful for the treatment and recovery of rickets. (For specific medication use, please follow the guidance of a doctor and do not self-medicate.)
Neonatal jaundice is divided into several types.
Neonatal jaundice, also known as neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, occurs when bilirubin accumulates in the body, causing yellowing of the skin or other organs; it is the most common clinical issue during the neonatal period, with over 80% of normal newborns experiencing some skin yellowing shortly after birth. Neonatal jaundice is mainly divided into physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice. Physiological jaundice is a normal phenomenon. Pathological jaundice, however, includes conditions such as excessive production of bilirubin, metabolic disorders of bilirubin, bile excretion disorders, and various other factors causing pathological jaundice. Thus, pathological jaundice requires active treatment and will not subside on its own.
How to take care of a baby with a cold
When a baby has a cold, it indicates that the baby has an acute upper respiratory infection. Over 90% of colds are caused by viral infections, and 10% are caused by bacterial infections. When a child catches a cold, in addition to administering medication, nursing care is very important. First, the child should be allowed to rest, sleep more, drink plenty of plain water, and avoid vigorous activities. It is important to monitor the child's temperature and promptly manage any symptoms if the child develops a fever. Additionally, ensure that the child's diet is light and easy to digest; it's better to drink more soups and avoid fatty meats or sweets. Also, under the guidance of a doctor, administer symptomatic medications to the child, and always follow the instructions carefully when using medications to avoid taking too much or too little, as either can be inappropriate.
What should not be eaten with baby sudden rash?
Roseola infantum is caused by human herpesvirus types 6 and 7, a common acute rash infectious disease in pediatrics, also known as baby roseola. Its main characteristic is high fever for 3-4 days, followed by a rash as the fever subsides. Since roseola infantum is clearly a viral infection, its treatment mainly involves symptomatic management. For children in pediatric emergency care, while actively managing symptoms, it is essential to ensure adequate hydration and nutrition, so normal diet is still necessary. However, the diet should be light and easy to digest. Foods that are difficult to digest, such as large fish, large pieces of meat, or raw and cold irritants like some beverages or colder foods, should be avoided.