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Zhang Jun
Otolaryngology
About me
Engaged in the field of otolaryngology for ten years, pursued further training at the Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, under the tutelage of Professor Jin Dejun.
Proficient in diseases
Rhinitis, sinusitis, nasal hypertrophy, nasal polyps, acute and chronic pharyngitis, acute and chronic tonsillitis, epiglottitis, laryngitis, vocal cord nodules, vocal cord polyps, laryngeal tumors.
Voices
How to take care of vocal cord polyps in daily life?
Vocal cord polyps are primarily caused by improper voice use, shouting loudly, and excessive fatigue, leading to vocal cord lesions. They cause persistent hoarseness in patients and progressively worsen. Vocal cord polyps generally occur on one side. If a patient experiences persistent hoarseness, they should first visit a hospital for an examination using a laryngoscope. In the anterior-middle third of one vocal cord, a pale white or pale red, smooth-surfaced abnormal neoplasm will be found. This causes incomplete closure of the vocal cords and results in hoarseness. For treatment, vocal cord polyps require the removal through endoscopic support with a laryngoscope. Surgery requires hospitalization, and complete vocal rest for a week post-surgery, along with speaking softly and eating a bland diet, can gradually improve the condition and prevent recurrent episodes.
Can nasal turbinates hypertrophy be completely cured?
Enlargement of the nasal turbinates can be completely cured. Nasal turbinate hypertrophy is a clinical manifestation, not a disease itself. There are many causes of turbinate hypertrophy in clinical practice, with the most common being chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis is characterized by repetitive attacks of simple rhinitis causing bilateral inferior turbinate diffuse congestion, edema, and hyperplasia. Patients experience persistent bilateral nasal congestion that progressively worsens. Additionally, mucous-like secretions may appear in the nasal cavity; patients may also feel a foreign body sensation in the nose, facial distension, pain, headaches, reduced sense of smell, and memory decline. Examination with an electronic nasal endoscope reveals significant congestion and edema of the bilateral inferior turbinates, sometimes showing mulberry-like changes. Treatment involves partial resection of the bilateral inferior turbinates, which can completely cure the condition.
Can vocal cord polyps become cancerous a second time?
Secondary surgery for vocal cord polyps is associated with the possibility of malignant changes. Vocal cord polyps are caused by improper long-term vocal usage, fatigue from overuse, shouting loudly, smoking, drinking, and irritation from acid reflux, leading to vocal cord lesions. It causes the patient to have persistent hoarseness of voice, which progressively worsens. Examination with an electronic laryngoscope may reveal a pale white or pale red abnormal neoplasm at the anterior middle third of the unilateral vocal cord. This can lead to incomplete closure of the glottis, resulting in hoarseness of voice. In terms of treatment, medicating vocal cord polyps is ineffective, and the patient must undergo a polypectomy under suspension laryngoscopy. The surgery requires hospitalization and general anesthesia, and the patient can usually recover and be discharged within about a week. After discharge, the patient needs to speak softly and infrequently, follow a bland diet, and abstain from smoking and drinking to prevent recurrence. If recurrences occur, the vocal cord polyps may have the potential to turn cancerous.
Throat inflammation: injections or medication?
For laryngitis, it is best to undergo infusion therapy. Acute laryngitis is an otolaryngology emergency, commonly occurring in infants and toddlers because their pharyngeal mucosa is relatively loose. Once infected by bacteria or viruses, it can cause sudden high fever with temperatures above 38℃ (100.4°F), as well as hoarseness and breathing difficulties. In severe cases, it may lead to asphyxiation or even death. Examination with an electronic laryngoscope can reveal significant hyperemia and edema in the pharyngeal mucosa, especially severe around the bilateral vocal cord arytenoid areas, leading to incomplete glottis closure. Under such circumstances, it is best to use antibiotics, such as cephalosporin antibiotics, and the patient should undergo infusion therapy. Additionally, it is advisable to use corticosteroids to reduce local mucosal congestion and edema. A light diet should be maintained during treatment, closely monitoring the patient’s breathing. If breathing difficulties arise, a tracheotomy may be necessary.
How to deal with allergic rhinitis?
Allergic rhinitis occurs due to reduced immunity and resistance when the nasal cavity inhales relevant allergens. Allergens may include dust, pollen, mites, and the direct stimulation of cold and warm air, leading to symptoms in patients such as bilateral nasal congestion, paroxysmal sneezing and nasal discharge after waking. Upon examination, bilateral pale, swollen inferior turbinates can be found, and the prick test is positive. In terms of treatment, patients first need to visit a hospital to check for allergens and identify the substances they are allergic to, while also avoiding these allergens as much as possible and wearing masks. During the acute phase, patients also need to take some anti-allergy medications orally. When the patient moves past the acute phase and enters the remission phase, it is necessary to exercise to enhance their immunity and resistance, which gradually leads to the recovery from allergic rhinitis. (The use of medication should be under the guidance of a doctor.)
Does throat cancer cause coughing?
Throat cancer can cause patients to experience an irritating cough. Throat cancer refers to malignant tumors in the pharynx and throat area. Generally, it occurs in elderly male patients, as the primary cause of throat cancer is typically due to long-term smoking, alcohol consumption, and the irritation from spicy diets leading to cellular degeneration in the throat area, which then triggers symptoms of throat cancer. Patients with throat cancer may experience hoarseness, irritating cough, and difficulty swallowing. In severe cases, they may also experience difficulty breathing. During an examination with an electronic laryngoscope, cauliflower-like neoplasms or large ulcers may be found in any part of the pharynx and throat. In such cases, a local biopsy is needed. If the biopsy confirms a malignant tumor, initial treatment generally involves local surgery followed by the relevant radiotherapy and chemotherapy to prolong life.
Can people with vocal cord polyps eat fish?
Vocal cord polyps can be consumed without any issues. Vocal cord polyps are abnormalities on the vocal cords that are usually caused by improper voice use, shouting loudly, or excessive fatigue over a long period. Typically, the condition affects one side of the vocal cords and leads to persistent hoarseness in the patient. If a patient experiences continuous hoarseness without signs of improvement, an electronic laryngoscopy is first required. Generally, a smooth, pale white abnormal growth can be found on the anterior middle third of one vocal cord, leading to incomplete closure of the glottis and resulting in hoarseness. In terms of treatment, the removal of vocal cord polyps requires a type of supporting laryngoscopy surgery, which necessitates hospitalization and general anesthesia. Post-surgery, antibiotics are used to prevent local infection. Furthermore, complete vocal rest is necessary for one week post-surgery before gradual recovery can occur. (Please follow the guidance of a professional physician when using medication and do not self-medicate.)
Allergic rhinitis typical symptoms
Allergic rhinitis is caused by the body's immunity and lower resistance after inhaling relevant allergens in the nasal cavity. Allergens can include mites, dust, pollen, and direct stimulation by cold and warm air, which can cause patients to have paroxysmal sneezing upon waking up. Typically, there are more than three sneezes, and in severe cases, dozens can occur. There is also continuous discharge of clear watery nasal mucus, bilateral nasal congestion, which alternates from side to side. During examination, evident pale swelling of the bilateral inferior turbinates can be found, and the surface may be covered with abnormal secretions. In treatment, allergic rhinitis firstly requires symptomatic antiallergic treatment and, most crucially, patients need to regularly exercise to enhance their immunity and resistance, for allergic rhinitis to gradually improve.
Can medication cure nasal turbinate hypertrophy?
Turbinate hypertrophy can often be cured with medication, and if not cured, partial surgical removal of the hypertrophied turbinates can be curative. Turbinate hypertrophy is generally caused by chronic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis. It manifests due to lowered immunity and resistance in the body, leading to repeated inflammatory infections or allergic reactions in the nasal cavity, resulting in bilateral nasal turbinates swelling diffusely, becoming edematous, proliferating, and enlarging. After turbinate enlargement, it mainly causes the patient to experience persistent nasal congestion on both sides, accompanied by a foreign body sensation and swelling in the nasal cavity. Patients will also have mucous secretions from the nasal cavity and will require a detailed examination at the hospital, where tests such as nasal endoscopy, sinus CT, and allergen antibody tests can provide a diagnosis. For treatment, nebulized inhalation can be used with good effectiveness for chronic rhinitis. For allergic rhinitis, symptomatic anti-allergic treatment is needed to shrink the turbinates and relieve nasal congestion. If conservative treatment is ineffective, local surgical treatment may be necessary.
Can I eat watermelon with laryngitis?
Laryngitis can be treated by eating watermelon; there are no problems with that. Laryngitis is an emergency condition in the otolaryngology field, most commonly occurring in infants and toddlers, especially those between two to three years old. It can cause sudden high fever in patients, accompanied by hoarseness, swelling and pain in the throat, and a bark-like cough. As the condition worsens, patients may experience difficulty breathing and even suffocate to death. The pathogens commonly seen are hemolytic streptococcus or Staphylococcus aureus, with the vocal cords being primarily affected. In terms of treatment, patients firstly need symptomatic anti-inflammatory treatment, oral or intravenous antibiotics, such as cephalosporins, which are effective. Additionally, the use of corticosteroids for nebulized inhalation helps reduce local congestion and swelling, allowing for recovery within about a week. A light diet is recommended during treatment, including watermelon, peaches, pears, and apples. (The use of medications should be under the guidance of a qualified doctor.)