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Yan Xin Liang
Pediatrics
About me
Graduated from Nanhua University, engaged in pediatric work for over 10 years, and have further studied at Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Hospital, and Beijing Children's Hospital.
Proficient in diseases
Diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in pediatric internal medicine, especially skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric respiratory system and neurological diseases, such as pediatric convulsions, epilepsy, asthma, and lung infections...
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Do toddler exanthemata itch?
Roseola infantum is an acute febrile developmental disease caused by human herpesvirus type 6, and in some cases, by human herpesvirus type 7. Generally, the fever lasts three to five days, and a rash appears after the fever subsides, typically lasting about two days before fading. If there are no complications, recovery is usually swift. The rash in roseola infantum is roseola-like maculopapular and is neither painful nor itchy. Therefore, this rash does not cause itching. If the rash is significantly itchy, the likelihood of roseola infantum is relatively small, and it may be caused by allergies or other reasons.
Can children with diarrhea eat eggs?
Diarrhea in children is itself a manifestation of gastroenteritis. During this process, the baby's digestive function will definitely be affected, so the diet must be light and consist of easily digestible foods, such as milk, rice porridge, and noodles. Babies who are breastfed can continue to be breastfed, but spicy, irritating, greasy, and difficult-to-digest foods should be avoided as much as possible. Eggs are high in protein and phospholipids and are not suitable for children during diarrhea because they can increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract and hinder the recovery from the diarrhea condition. Therefore, eggs should not be eaten directly during diarrhea.
Symptoms of a cold in children
The symptoms of a minor cold most commonly involve fever in children, accompanied by a runny nose, nasal congestion, and coughing. Some may also experience shortness of breath, wheezing, and even symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. The symptoms can vary for each child. Some babies with a cold may only show symptoms like a runny nose, mild cough, and nasal congestion. Others might present with recurrent high fever, lethargy, and even vomiting and diarrhea. Therefore, it is important to adopt appropriate treatment measures tailored to each specific cause of the illness.
Can babies take a bath when they have a cold?
Actually, when children have a cold, they might sweat. If they sweat, their clothes will get wet, and having a lot of sweat on their body can also be uncomfortable. If they are not cleaned properly, it can actually make the baby feel very uncomfortable. So, it's completely fine to bathe when having a cold, especially for babies who are feverish. After their body temperature rises, bathing can also help to bring the temperature down, which is actually an effective method of physical cooling. As long as the room temperature and water temperature are kept appropriate, it is okay to bathe.
Can children with roseola eat eggs?
Exanthema subitum, also known as roseola, is an acute febrile developmental disease caused by human herpesvirus type 6 or 7. Typically, the acute phase begins with a sudden high fever, where the body temperature can reach 39°C or even exceed 40°C, lasting for about three to five days. After the fever subsides, a rash appears, generally lasting about two days. In cases without complications, the rash disappears after two days, and the condition is resolved. During the fever phase, it is recommended to have a light diet with easily digestible food included. Eggs are rich in protein and phospholipids, making them a nutritious food option that can be given to children in moderation. However, excessive consumption may increase the burden on the child's gastrointestinal function and hinder digestion.
What is the normal value for phenylketonuria?
Phenylketonuria is a common autosomal recessive genetic disorder and the most common congenital amino acid metabolism disorder. It primarily manifests as intellectual disability, light skin and hair pigmentation, and a mousey urine odor. Newborn screening includes routine screening for phenylketonuria as it is a treatable hereditary metabolic disorder, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Nowadays, newborn screening systems are widely implemented. Generally, this involves collecting a blood sample through a heel prick, dropping the blood on specialized filter paper, and then air drying before sending it to a screening laboratory to measure the phenylalanine concentration. Typically, a normal concentration should be less than 120 micromoles per liter. If the phenylalanine concentration exceeds 1200 micromoles per liter, it can be diagnosed as classical phenylketonuria.
Phenylketonuria smells like mouse urine.
Phenylketonuria is a common amino acid metabolic disorder primarily caused by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase. This deficiency prevents phenylalanine from being converted to tyrosine, leading to the accumulation of phenylalanine and ketone bodies, which are then excreted in large amounts in the urine. This disease is relatively common among genetic amino acid metabolic disorders and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Additionally, due to the lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase, phenylalanine is metabolized through another pathway, resulting in increased production of phenyllactic acid and phenylacetic acid, which are excreted through sweat and urine, giving off a mouse-like urine odor.
Can a baby swim with a cold?
When a baby has a cold, their physical condition is not at its best, which means their physical ability will definitely decline. Under such circumstances, we do not recommend that the baby goes swimming. Swimming can increase physical exertion in the water, and sometimes the water temperature is not properly controlled, which could potentially increase the baby's burden. Especially when there is significant physical exhaustion, and if the water temperature is not well controlled, it may worsen the baby's cold symptoms. Therefore, we advise against swimming in this situation, but you can still give the baby a warm bath. However, make sure the duration is not too long, and the external temperature must also be appropriately managed.
Kawasaki disease sequelae
Kawasaki disease is an autoimmune vasculitis, and since it is vasculitis, it can originate from blood vessels in various parts, including the heart, liver, kidneys, brain, and more. However, it mainly arises from the coronary arteries of the heart. If Kawasaki disease is not effectively treated, some patients can develop coronary artery dilation and even coronary artery aneurysms. Once a coronary artery aneurysm occurs, its complication includes the risk of rupture and bleeding of the aneurysm, which can be difficult to treat if there is severe bleeding. If there is some coronary artery dilation, it can lead to the formation of coronary artery thrombosis, which is also a complication it can cause. However, the vast majority of Kawasaki disease cases, if treated effectively, can prevent coronary artery abnormalities. Therefore, as long as the treatment is timely, most cases will not have significant lasting effects.
Moderate dehydration manifestations in children with diarrhea
In cases of moderate dehydration due to diarrhea in children, some common clinical manifestations include sunken eye sockets. If the anterior fontanelle has not closed in infants under one year old, it may appear sunken, and there can be a decrease in skin elasticity, dry lips and mucous membranes, and a reduction in urine output. Some may also experience increased heart rate, dry mouth, and a preference for drinking. In this situation, it is crucial to promptly rehydrate, primarily through oral rehydration. If oral rehydration is difficult, intravenous rehydration should be administered, while also maintaining the balance of water and electrolytes.