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Yan Xin Liang
Pediatrics
About me
Graduated from Nanhua University, engaged in pediatric work for over 10 years, and have further studied at Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Hospital, and Beijing Children's Hospital.
Proficient in diseases
Diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in pediatric internal medicine, especially skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric respiratory system and neurological diseases, such as pediatric convulsions, epilepsy, asthma, and lung infections...
Voices
What department should a child with diarrhea visit?
Childhood diarrhea is a disease of the digestive system. If treated at a general hospital, the child should definitely see a pediatrician. If the diarrhea is severe, accompanied by moderate to severe dehydration, it is advisable to visit emergency pediatrics for urgent treatment. If going to a children's specialty hospital, it is recommended to see a gastroenterologist; severe cases can also go to emergency pediatrics. Additionally, if there is mucus, pus, or bloody stool, consider bacterial dysentery or other infectious diarrhea, and it is advised to see an infectious disease specialist. Generally, for ordinary diarrhea, it is advisable to visit a smaller hospital for treatment.
Symptoms of a baby's cold
Generally speaking, common cold symptoms include a runny nose, sneezing, nasal congestion, some may have a cough, and others may have a fever. Generally, after most babies catch a cold, the symptoms are mainly respiratory. A small part may show symptoms of the digestive system, such as vomiting and diarrhea. There are also headaches, mental fatigue, lethargy, sleepiness, etc., so there are many symptoms of a cold.
The causes of phenylketonuria
Phenylketonuria is a common autosomal recessive genetic disorder, the most frequent primary clinical manifestation among congenital amino acid metabolic disorders. It is characterized by intellectual disability, pale skin and hair pigmentation, and a mouse urine-like odor. The main cause is that phenylalanine is an essential amino acid for the human body. The phenylalanine ingested is partly used for protein synthesis and partly converted to tyrosine by the action of phenylalanine hydroxylase, which is necessary for the synthesis of substances like adrenaline, melanin, and thyroxine. The disease is mainly due to a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase, which inhibits the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine, resulting in increased concentrations of phenylalanine in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and various tissues. At the same time, due to the predominance of the main pathway, the enhancement of the secondary metabolic pathway leads to the deamination of phenylalanine by transaminase, producing a large amount of phenylpyruvic acid, which through oxidation produces a large amount of phenylacetic acid, phenyllactic acid, and p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid. These metabolic by-products are excreted in large quantities in the urine, and the high concentrations of phenylalanine and its by-products accumulate extensively in brain tissue, thereby causing damage to brain cells.
Should children with roseola avoid certain foods?
Roseola in infants is an acute febrile and rash disease, caused by human herpesvirus type 6 or 7. The fever usually lasts 3-5 days, with high fever as the main symptom. During this period, infants may also experience other symptoms such as decreased appetite, vomiting, or diarrhea, which can affect the function of the digestive system, leading to indigestion. It is recommended that the diet be light and easy to digest, avoiding spicy, stimulating, and greasy foods, as these are not conducive to digestion nor beneficial for recovery from the illness.
Does rickets have a hereditary component?
Rickets, also known as vitamin D deficiency rickets, is primarily a chronic nutritional disease characterized by skeletal lesions, caused by insufficient vitamin D in infants, children, or adolescents, which leads to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. The main feature of this disease is the incomplete calcification of the growth plates and bone tissue in the growing long bones, due to the lack of vitamin D causing incomplete calcification of mature bones. This disease is most common in children under two years old. Its causes may be related to insufficient intake of vitamin D or insufficient sunlight exposure, as well as rapid growth. Additionally, other diseases may influence its development. Therefore, this disease is generally not closely related to genetics.
Precursors to epileptic seizures in children
The majority of childhood epilepsy seizures occur without any precursors, as they arise and cease suddenly with stereotyped movements. However, some seizures are preceded by prodromes, such as sudden onset of consciousness disturbances, or fainting symptoms. Other seizures can present with motor dysfunctions, displaying sudden weakness or fatigue in certain limbs, followed by an epileptic attack. Additionally, some may experience abnormal sensations, such as numbness in a specific area or visual disturbances, including sudden flashes or even visual distortions, leading to convulsive seizures.
What can a baby eat when they have a cold?
When a baby catches a cold, they typically exhibit symptoms such as fever, cough, and runny nose. Some may also experience nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and other digestive system symptoms. Therefore, during this period, it is important that the diet is light and easy to digest. For instance, if the baby is breastfed, they can continue breastfeeding, but the mother should also maintain a light and easily digestible diet. Continuing with milk is fine, but it should be diluted to aid digestion. Additionally, light meals like porridge, noodles, rice paste, some vegetables, and a moderate amount of fruits as supplements can be given. Spicy, greasy, and stimulating foods should be avoided during this time.
What is infantile dry eczema?
Infant dry eczema, also known as fissure eczema, is mainly due to loss of skin moisture, reduced sebum secretion, dryness, and fine cracks in the epidermis and stratum corneum. The skin appears pale red, with cracks being more pronounced and resembling cracked porcelain. It can occur on many parts of the body, mostly seen on the limbs. This condition is commonly seen in winter when the air is dry and secretion decreases, further exacerbated by frequent hot water washing. Infant dry eczema is actually due to irritant contact dermatitis. Treatment can involve the application of emollients, such as petroleum jelly, vitamin E cream, and mineral oil, while also protecting the moisture within the skin. It is best not to use corticosteroids for treatment.
How to treat infant eczema
Eczema is an intensely itchy skin inflammation reaction caused by a variety of factors, including both external and internal causes. External factors include environmental climate changes, sunlight exposure, animal fur, cosmetics, etc. Internal factors mainly involve food, endocrine disorders, stress, and more. Treatment primarily targets these causes. If caused by external factors, efforts should be made to avoid them. If related to food allergies, such as milk or eggs, these allergenic foods should be avoided. Treatment can also include the use of anti-allergic ointments, commonly corticosteroid ointments, as well as oral anti-allergy medications to assist in treatment.
Symptoms and Treatment of Whooping Cough in Children
The common symptoms of whooping cough are coughing, prolonged coughing, and spasmodic coughing, which ends with a crowing sound, and it mainly occurs during the night. The face may turn bright red during coughing, which is a typical symptom of whooping cough. For treatment, in the early stages of whooping cough, erythromycin is definitely used and can be effective. However, in pediatrics, if the whooping cough has lasted for a long time, the effectiveness of the treatment is relatively not as good. If the coughing period is long and medication is used in the middle to late stages, even with some treatment, it might still continue for two to three months. Although treatments like cough suppressants and expectorants can alleviate the symptoms, a cough usually still persists to some degree.