The treatment of thyroid nodules is primarily based on whether the nodules are benign or malignant. For nodules that are highly suspected to be malignant clinically, or are confirmed to be suspiciously malignant or malignant through thyroid fine needle aspiration, surgical treatment is required and generally yields good results. The second type is benign nodules, for which studies have shown that treatment with levothyroxine can suppress and reduce the size of the nodules, but this is only effective in some iodine-deficient areas. Another type is hyperfunctioning hot nodules, which can be treated with isotope therapy and radioactive iodine. Additionally, if the thyroid nodule causes compressive symptoms, appears behind the sternum or within the mediastinum, and is associated with high-risk factors for thyroid cancer, surgical removal is recommended. For benign thyroid nodules, usually, only regular follow-up with thyroid ultrasound is required; if the ultrasound follow-up shows more than a 50% increase in the size of the thyroid nodule, further thyroid fine needle aspiration is needed, and surgery may be necessary if required.