Firstly, some non-surgical treatments, namely conservative treatments, should be carried out. The majority of patients can see significant relief in their symptoms after conservative treatment, and some of them may even be cured. Conservative treatment begins with general treatment. Primarily, it involves bed rest after the onset of lumbar muscle strain symptoms, ceasing work, and minimizing bending activities. Additionally, wearing a lumbar support is advised to prevent further injury. Secondly, it is appropriate to exercise the muscles of the lower back. If the strength of these muscles is increased, not only can it enhance the stability of the lumbar spine, but it can also reduce pressure inside the intervertebral discs and delay the aging and degeneration of the spine. Thirdly, physical and rehabilitation therapies should be employed. This mainly includes traction, physiotherapy, massage, acupuncture, and external application of traditional Chinese medicine. The goal is primarily to relax spasmodic back muscles. At the same time, it can alleviate pressure within the intervertebral discs and reduce the inflammation around the nerve roots. Fourthly, if the pain is extremely severe and significantly affects everyday life and work, consideration may be given to taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pain medications, along with muscle relaxants. This can result in very effective pain relief. If the outcome of standardized conservative treatment is unsatisfactory, surgical treatment can be considered. However, for lumbar muscle strain, non-surgical treatment is generally preferred, with only a few patients requiring surgery.