How long does it take for sciatica to improve with rest?

Written by Guan Jing Tao
Orthopedics
Updated on April 23, 2025
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Recovery of the sciatic nerve requires a long time, and also depends on the severity of the damage to broadly judge the prognosis. If it is merely a contusion, it may take one to three months for most symptoms to gradually improve, such as sensory abnormalities like numbness and soreness. If the sciatic nerve has been chronically compressed, resulting in nerve degeneration, or if it has sustained severe traumatic injury, recovery will typically require at least six months to a year, and the process will be slow. Furthermore, if a violent injury has caused a tear or rupture, surgical treatment is necessary, and the post-operative recovery remains a lengthy process, often leaving significant residual symptoms.

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Where to treat sciatica?

Sciatica is relatively common among the general population. Its symptoms manifest as numbness, swelling, and weakness in one leg. The most common cause is herniation of the lumbar intervertebral disc, which compresses the nerve roots resulting in these symptoms. Therefore, when such symptoms occur, it is necessary to seek treatment at a formal medical institution. One could visit the orthopedics department, or if the hospital has specialized departments, it is best to consult the department of spinal surgery.

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Sciatica can heal on its own in a few weeks.

Lumbar disc herniation compressing the nerve roots in the lower back can cause pain in the buttocks and popliteal fossa, which we can refer to as sciatica. The underlying cause is still due to lumbar disc herniation. Generally, over 95% of patients experiencing initial pain can self-heal and find relief from the pain. In terms of sciatica, statistical and evidence-based medical research shows that most patients, especially those who initially exhibit symptoms, generally experience significant symptom relief within three months. However, if symptoms do not improve within three months, surgery is definitely indicated.

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Orthopedics
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How to completely cure sciatica?

Treatment methods for sciatica include several approaches. First, resting on a hard board bed; typically, this rest period lasts three to four weeks, during which many patients experience symptom relief. Second, pharmacological treatment is recommended, usually involving non-steroidal pain relievers, as well as vitamins B1, B6, and B12. Short courses of corticosteroid hormones are also used. However, it is important to use hormones minimally and to stop their use correctly if possible. Third, traditional Chinese medicine and herbal treatments are preferred. Many cases of sciatica may be alleviated or even cured with the proper application of traditional Chinese medicine and herbs. Common remedies include Xuanluo Tongbi Decoction, Wutou Xixin Tongbi Decoction, and Duhuo Jisheng Decoction. Local injection treatments are also available, but it is crucial to ensure precise and successful injection on the first attempt. Fourth, exercise therapy is essential as inactivity can lead to muscle atrophy, so proper rehabilitation is necessary. Sixth, dietary therapy should focus on nutritious foods while avoiding junk food and spicy, stimulating dishes.

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Orthopedics
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What should I do about sciatica?

For sciatica, absolute bed rest is initially required, ideally lasting three weeks. If three weeks is not possible, at least one week is necessary. Secondly, continual traction is used, which can widen the intervertebral space, reduce the internal disk pressure, and potentially expand the spinal canal, thereby alleviating stimulation and compression of the nerve roots. Thirdly, you can take some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or some traditional Chinese medicines, many of which contain pain-relieving ingredients. Fourthly, consider undergoing physical therapy, including physiotherapy, acupressure, and massage. Fifthly, intradiscal injections, intradiscal blockade, or catheter blockade can be considered. Sixthly, chemical dissolution of the nucleus pulposus can be considered. Thus, these are the basic treatment methods for sciatica.

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What does sciatica cause?

Sciatica generally causes changes in six aspects. The first is pain, which mainly occurs along the distribution area of the sciatic nerve, including the back of the thigh, the posterior and lateral sides of the calf, and the lateral side of the foot and sole. I have seen a patient with severe sciatica who had to stay in bed with his head down and buttocks up to minimize spinal canal pressure, finding some relief only in this position. The second change is a decrease in muscle strength, which can even lead to muscle atrophy. The third aspect involves the pathway of the sciatic nerve, including the exit of the piriformis muscle, with tenderness and percussion pain along the course of the nerve. The fourth aspect includes symptoms of sciatic nerve traction, which involves positive results in straight leg raise tests and cross-legged tests. The fifth point is a weakened or absent Achilles reflex, due to the sciatic nerve's innervation of the muscles on the back of the thigh, leading to a decrease or disappearance of the Achilles reflex. The sixth point is abnormal sensations in the area innervated by the sciatic nerve, including reduced or lost sensations or mild sensory disturbances.