The most typical early symptom of esophageal cancer is progressive dysphagia. Progressive dysphagia means that the patient initially has difficulty swallowing solid food, later experiences difficulty swallowing semi-liquid food, and finally may find it difficult to swallow even liquids. Other early symptoms of esophageal cancer include pain behind the sternum and vomiting after eating. For patients who exhibit these symptoms and are suspected of having esophageal cancer, an endoscopic examination should be performed. During the endoscopy, abnormal masses in the esophagus can be detected, and tissue samples can be taken from these masses for histopathological examination. Patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer through pathology are primarily recommended to undergo surgical treatment. Patients who are not suitable for surgery can receive comprehensive treatment such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy.