Difference between benign and malignant gastric polyps

Written by Si Li Li
Gastroenterology
Updated on June 30, 2025
00:00
00:00

Benign polyps and malignant polyps are difficult to distinguish based on symptoms alone, as both may present with symptoms such as bloating, stomach pain, belching, acid reflux, nausea, vomiting, and indigestion. A gastroscope exam is needed to differentiate between them. During a gastroscopy, if the polyp’s surface is smooth, without lobulation, and has a wide base or a sessile form, it is more likely to be benign. If the polyp has a lobulated and uneven surface, bleeds easily upon touch, and is relatively fragile, it is more likely to be malignant. A biopsy is required to determine whether it is benign or malignant.

Other Voices

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhu Dan Hua
Gastroenterology
1min 27sec home-news-image

Do gastric polyps require surgery?

Gastric polyps are relatively common in clinical settings. Generally, patients do not exhibit symptoms and discover the condition either during physical examinations or incidental gastroscopic examinations. Of course, a small portion of patients may experience certain gastrointestinal symptoms, manifesting as dull pain in the upper abdomen, bloating, nausea, etc. The treatment for gastric polyps generally varies depending on the location, size, and number of the polyps. If the polyps are small, particularly less than 0.5 cm, it is recommended that patients undergo regular observations and gastroscopic examinations every six months to a year. If there are no significant changes in the polyps, symptomatic treatment may not be immediately necessary. However, if the polyps are larger, especially if they are numerous or larger than 1 cm, it is advisable for patients to have them removed via gastroscopy for biopsy to rule out the possibility of malignant changes. Therefore, for patients with gastric polyps, it is recommended to have regular follow-ups and consider endoscopic removal, which is generally a relatively safe procedure that should not be overly worrisome.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
53sec home-news-image

Are stomach polyps likely to lead to stomach cancer?

Gastric polyps are precancerous lesions of gastric cancer, posing a significant risk of developing gastric cancer. There are several types of gastric polyps, including fundic gland polyps, hyperplastic polyps, and adenomatous polyps. Adenomatous polyps, in particular, have a higher rate of malignant transformation, with 11% of patients developing gastric cancer through dysplastic growth over four years. Therefore, patients with gastric polyps should undergo early removal under gastroscopy, followed by pathological classification. After treatment, regular gastroscopic examinations are necessary. It is also important to adjust the diet, avoid eating moldy food, and reduce consumption of salty and pickled foods, while increasing intake of fresh foods, fresh green vegetables, and fruits, and maintaining a positive mental attitude.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhu Dan Hua
Gastroenterology
51sec home-news-image

Is APC treatment for gastric polyps painful?

The treatment of gastric polyps is mainly focused on endoscopic procedures, including APC (argon plasma coagulation) treatment, which is quite suitable for gastric polyps. For patients, the APC treatment usually does not involve pain, so there is no sensation or suffering involved. Thus, APC treatment for gastric polyps is relatively appropriate and generally considered safe. The complications to be cautious of are not pain, but rather bleeding, such as gastrointestinal bleeding post-procedure. For gastric polyps, APC treatment may take varying lengths of time; it might be completed in just a few minutes under smooth conditions, but could extend to over ten minutes in some cases. Overall, this is a relatively mature and safe examination method.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Jiang Guo Ming
Gastroenterology
56sec home-news-image

Can stomach polyps cause bleeding?

With the increasing popularity of gastroscopy, the detection rate of gastric polyps is rising year by year. Gastric polyps refer to the protrusions from the gastric mucosa into the gastric cavity, forming either round or semi-circular elevations. They are usually benign lesions, including hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps. However, adenomatous polyps can potentially become cancerous and require prompt attention. If a polyp becomes eroded, it may cause a small amount of bleeding, but this generally does not lead to blood in the stool. Blood in the stool typically refers to intestinal bleeding, which can appear as bright red, dark red, or even jam-like or purplish colors. This is often caused by diseases around the anus or colon diseases, such as polyp ulceration or even tumors, etc., which should not have a significant connection with gastric polyps.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhu Dan Hua
Gastroenterology
1min 4sec home-news-image

Do stomach polyps need treatment?

The treatment of gastric polyps generally depends on the size and number of the polyps. If the gastric polyp is relatively small, conservative treatment and regular follow-up are usually sufficient. If there is no change in the polyp during regular gastroscopy follow-ups, we generally do not need to intervene. However, if the polyps increase in number or size, especially if they are larger than 1 centimeter, we recommend that patients undergo timely endoscopic treatment. Typically, endoscopic removal is sufficient. In fact, gastric polyps are relatively common in clinical practice, and most gastric polyps are benign lesions. Prompt endoscopic removal is usually sufficient. Most patients may not have specific discomforts, such as abdominal pain, etc. Gastric polyps are often found incidentally during gastroscopy or physical examinations. Therefore, for the diagnosis of gastric polyps, we mainly rely on gastroscopy.