Causes of cerebral hemorrhage

Written by Liu Yan Hao
Neurology
Updated on April 01, 2025
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The most common cause of cerebral hemorrhage is hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Patients with hypertension who do not adequately control their blood pressure, which frequently fluctuates, can lead to hardening of the cerebral vessels. The elasticity of the cerebral vessel walls diminishes, and when the blood pressure rises sharply, it can cause the cerebral vessels to rupture, leading to cerebral hemorrhage. This is the most common cause of cerebral hemorrhage, accounting for over 80%. Another common cause of cerebral hemorrhage is the rupture of cerebral aneurysms, which often leads to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Patients with this condition experience severe headaches, consciousness disturbances, and restlessness. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a relatively severe medical condition with a high mortality rate. Additionally, some cerebral hemorrhages are caused by trauma, leading to cerebral contusion, skull fractures, subdural hematoma, and epidural hematoma. These causes account for a relatively small proportion of clinical cases.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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What can be eaten with cerebral hemorrhage?

Intracerebral hemorrhage is an extremely dangerous neurological disease. Its onset is very sudden, with patients experiencing headaches, nausea, vomiting, as well as symptoms like limb paralysis, numbness, and speech impairments. Additionally, the gastrointestinal function of patients is significantly affected during an intracerebral hemorrhage, making them very susceptible to acute ulcers and acute gastric mucosal lesions. Hence, there are some precautions to consider regarding diet. In the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage, it is recommended to eat softer, easily digestible foods, such as rice porridge, millet porridge, sesame paste, etc., which are easier to digest and can help reduce the burden on the gastrointestinal tract. After the acute phase, the patient should consume more fresh vegetables and fruits, which can help maintain regular bowel movements, beneficial for the recovery from intracerebral hemorrhage. These also provide a rich source of vitamins that can protect vascular endothelial cells and reduce the recurrence of intracerebral hemorrhage. Additionally, eating high-quality proteins such as drinking milk, eating eggs, and lean meats can help enhance the patient's resistance and reduce complications.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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How to Prevent Cerebral Hemorrhage

To understand how to prevent cerebral hemorrhage, we need to clarify what causes it. Generally, the most common cause of cerebral hemorrhage is hypertension. Long-term hypertension can lead to hyaline degeneration of the walls of small arteries and occlusion necrosis. Over time, small arteries rupture, leading to cerebral hemorrhage. Other blood system diseases, such as leukemia, deficiency of clotting factors, some tumors, and cerebral vascular malformations, can also cause cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, the most important preventive measure is to actively control blood pressure. Regularly, one must maintain a low-salt, low-fat diet, engage in appropriate physical activities, enhance physical fitness, avoid smoking, and abstain from alcohol to effectively prevent hypertension and avoid hypertension-induced cerebral hemorrhage. For cerebral hemorrhage caused by other reasons, regular health check-ups should be done, including complete blood counts and coagulation tests, to rule out blood diseases causing cerebral hemorrhage.

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Written by Chen Ya
Geriatrics
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Sequelae of cerebral hemorrhage

The most common sequelae of cerebral hemorrhage is hemiplegia, which is specifically characterized by reduced muscle strength in the limbs on one side, difficulty in movement or complete immobility, often accompanied by sensory impairments on the same side, such as reduced sensation to cold, heat, pain, etc., or complete numbness. Sometimes there may also be vision loss on the affected side, as well as aphasia, headache, vertigo, and nausea.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Preliminary symptoms of cerebral hemorrhage

Cerebral hemorrhage is a severe and sudden onset condition that usually starts without any prodromal symptoms, manifesting as hemiplegia, severe headaches, or even coma. However, some patients may exhibit certain early symptoms, which mainly include: First, headache, which is not particularly severe, is tolerable, but typically affects the forehead and both temporal areas. Second, patients generally have very high, hard-to-control blood pressure. If the blood pressure is extremely high and difficult to manage, the possibility of cerebral hemorrhage should be considered. Third, in the early stages of cerebral hemorrhage, patients may experience symptoms such as dizziness, blurred vision, and general weakness. Overall, the early symptoms of cerebral hemorrhage are not particularly typical. If a patient with high blood pressure becomes hard to manage, experiences slight headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and some nausea, these may be indicative of the early symptoms of cerebral hemorrhage.

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Written by Chen Ya
Geriatrics
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Complications of Cerebral Hemorrhage

The main complications of cerebral hemorrhage are infections or fever, especially aspiration pneumonia, which is quite common. The second complication is hyperglycemia. The third is stress ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding. The fourth complication involves cardiac issues, as patients with cerebral hemorrhage are prone to neurogenic cardiac damage. Another complication is epilepsy; patients with lobar hemorrhage are likely to experience recurrent seizures. Additionally, there is also central fever.