Genital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus and commonly occur in areas such as the anus and external genitalia, primarily transmitted through sexual activity. Genital warts are prevalent among sexually active young and middle-aged individuals, with an incubation period ranging from one to eight months, averaging three months.

In women, genital warts often occur on the labia majora, labia minora, vaginal introitus, clitoris, vagina, cervix, perineum, and around the anus. In a minority of patients, lesions may appear in areas other than the anogenital region, such as the oral cavity, armpits, breasts, and interdigital spaces. The initial lesions are single or multiple pale red papules that are soft in texture and gradually enlarge and multiply, forming wart-like structures, which may develop into papilliform, cauliflower-like, or cock's comb-like appearances.

Treatment primarily involves the local removal of the warts, supplemented by antiviral and immune-boosting medications. Local treatments such as laser, cryotherapy, electrocautery, and microwave therapy can be used. For larger warts, surgical removal may be considered. For smaller warts located at the urethral meatus, photodynamic therapy can be an option.