The difference between chronic granulocytic leukemia and leukemia

Written by Li Guo Bao

Hematology

Updated on September 20, 2024

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Leukemia is divided into acute leukemia and chronic leukemia. Acute leukemia is further categorized into acute lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, while chronic leukemia is divided into chronic lymphocytic leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia. Chronic myeloid leukemia, also known as chronic granulocytic leukemia, generally has a better prognosis compared to acute leukemia, with a higher cure rate and longer survival. Among these, chronic granulocytic leukemia has targeted treatment drugs such as imatinib and dasatinib.

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Written by Li Fang Fang

Hematology

47sec

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Is leukemia cancer?

Leukemia is a cancer of the blood system. Based on the maturity of the tumor cells, leukemia can be divided into acute leukemia and chronic leukemia. Acute leukemia is further divided into acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, while chronic leukemia is divided into chronic granulocytic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. As the name suggests, acute leukemia has a rapid onset, a shorter survival period, and treatment is more challenging. Chronic leukemia, on the other hand, has a slower onset, a relatively longer survival period, and the treatment results are comparatively better.

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Written by Zhang Xiao Le

Hematology

1min 2sec

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What is acute leukemia?

Acute leukemia is a malignant clonal disease originating from hematopoietic stem progenitor cells. Normally, hematopoietic stem progenitor cells differentiate into white blood cells, which gradually mature into normal white blood cells. However, leukemia cells are primitive cells and immature cells, which means that the hematopoietic stem cells lose the ability to differentiate and mature. Additionally, they proliferate massively in the bone marrow while suppressing normal hematopoietic functions, and can widely infiltrate various organs such as the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Due to the suppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis, patients may exhibit clinical manifestations such as anemia, bleeding, and infections. Patients with acute leukemia often seek medical attention because of fever, fatigue, or bleeding from the skin and mucous membranes.

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Written by Zhang Zhi Gong

Cardiothoracic Surgery

1min 11sec

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Is sternal pain leukemia?

There are many causes of chest pain, and it is not necessarily only leukemia. For young people or children, sometimes injuries such as those from car accidents, sleeping on the stomach, or accidentally bumping into chair backs or table corners can cause sternal pain. However, persistent sternal pain in children should be carefully examined for the possibility of blood disorders. Of course, this can be ruled out through chest CT scans, or, if necessary, a small sternal biopsy under local anesthesia to check for leukemia. But for adults, there are many other possible causes of chest pain, such as gastrointestinal ulcers, stomach ulcers, and duodenal ulcers which can radiate to the surrounding area of the sternum causing pain. Additionally, some anatomical organs behind the sternum such as heart diseases, coronary artery disease, and angina can also cause sternal pain. Thymomas, thymus cancer, an enlarged thyroid, and lymphoma can all lead to sternal pain. Other malignant tumors, like lung cancer, if involving the sternum can also cause this pain. Therefore, not all cases of sternal pain are definitely due to leukemia.

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Written by Zhang Xiao Le

Hematology

50sec

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The difference between chronic granulocytic leukemia and leukemia

Chronic granulocytic leukemia is a type of leukemia, which itself is a group of malignant clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells. In leukemia, the leukemic cells exhibit enhanced self-renewal, uncontrolled proliferation, and obstructed apoptosis, causing a halt at various stages of cell development. Leukemia is divided into acute leukemia and chronic leukemia. Acute leukemia includes acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, while chronic leukemia includes chronic lymphocytic leukemia and chronic granulocytic leukemia. The primary difference between acute and chronic leukemia is that the leukemic cells in acute leukemia mainly stall at the primitive and immature stages, whereas in chronic leukemia, the cells primarily remain at the mid-immature and late-immature stages.

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Written by He Li Fang

Hematology

53sec

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Causes of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Chronic granulocytic leukemia, also known as chronic myeloid leukemia, is a myeloproliferative tumor originating from pluripotent stem cells. It is characterized by a specific chromosomal alteration, commonly referred to as the Philadelphia chromosome, which is formed by the translocation of chromosomes 9 and 22, resulting in the formation of the BCR-ABL fusion gene at the molecular level. Chronic granulocytic leukemia is a clonal disease originating from pluripotent stem cells. Due to a significant expansion of the progenitor cell pool, there is excessive proliferation of myeloid cells and increased granulocyte production. The slow clearance of granulocytes leads to the accumulation of granulocytes in the body, which is the main cause of the disease.