What should be noted for kidney stones?

Written by Guan Hai Fang
Urology
Updated on January 18, 2025
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If you have kidney stones, you should avoid vigorous exercise and heavy physical labor in daily life, and avoid eating foods that may aggravate kidney stones. For example, do not eat persimmons, drink tea, consume tofu, or eat too many soy products, etc. The reason to avoid persimmons is that they contain tannins, which can contact stomach acid and more easily bond with plant fibers, forming a stone that may worsen kidney stones. In other aspects, pay attention to a light diet because inflammation is more likely to occur with kidney stones, so avoid eating spicy and stimulating foods. It is recommended that patients go to a regular hospital for examination and treatment.

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What is the best treatment for kidney stones?

Kidney stones are generally treated by drinking a lot of water. Smaller stones may be expelled due to the push of a large volume of urine. Secondly, antispasmodic analgesics like M-type cholinergic receptor blockers can be used to relax the ureteral smooth muscle and alleviate spasms. Thirdly, controlling infection is crucial because urinary tract obstructions caused by stones are prone to infections, and infections often lead to the formation of struvite stones, perpetuating a vicious cycle that exacerbates the condition. It is essential to actively remove obstructions caused by stones and use antibiotics for prevention. Fourth, surgical treatment should be considered when pain cannot be alleviated by medication or when the stone is too large.

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Early symptoms of kidney stones in women

The initial symptoms of kidney stones in women vary depending on the size of the stone and whether the stone causes an obstruction. Generally, during the early stages of kidney stones, the stones are relatively small and do not cause obstruction in the kidney or bladder, and typically do not present any symptoms. However, if a small stone moves downward and accidentally gets stuck in a naturally narrow part of the ureter, it can cause symptoms such as pain and discomfort in the lower back, nausea, and vomiting. If the stone gets stuck at the junction of the ureter and the bladder, it irritates the bladder mucosa, leading to symptoms of frequent urination, urgent urination, and painful urination. However, small stones generally pass on their own. Analgesics can be used for symptomatic treatment. Additionally, medications that dilate the ureter, along with drinking plenty of water and physical activity such as jumping, generally help the stone to pass.

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Is kidney stone surgery painful?

For the treatment of kidney stones, larger kidney stones or multiple stones, stag-horn stones might consider surgical treatment. There are two types of surgery, the first is percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which involves inserting a nephroscope through a puncture in the kidney to break up and expel the stones from the body; the second type of surgery is ureteroscopy, which does not require an incision, by entering the kidney through the urethra and ureter, and then breaking up the stones and expelling them from the body. Both surgical methods are performed under anesthesia, so the patient will not feel pain. However, pain after ureteroscopy is typically less than that after percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which requires absolute bed rest post-operation, while ureteroscopy does not.

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Which department should I go to for kidney stones?

Kidney stones should be treated by a urologist. For kidney stones, a urology department will perform an ultrasound of the urinary system to examine them. The symptoms of kidney stones mainly depend on the size, shape, and location of the stones, as well as the presence of any obstructions or complications such as infections. Smaller kidney stones often do not cause any symptoms in patients unless the stone falls into the ureter, which can cause acute renal colic, severe lumbar and abdominal pain, and sometimes nausea, vomiting, frequent urination, urgency, and hematuria. If kidney stones are accompanied by a urinary obstruction or infection, patients may experience persistent high fever. If the kidneys have multiple columnar stones, it can lead to impaired renal function and cause renal insufficiency. Therefore, kidney stones should be taken seriously. If the stones are relatively large, consider surgical treatment or lithotripsy.

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Do kidney stones hurt?

Whether kidney stones cause pain depends on whether the stones are moving within the kidney. If the stones are relatively large, they generally do not move within the kidney, and the patient will not feel pain. However, when the stones cause hydronephrosis (accumulation of water in the kidney), the patient may occasionally feel a slight swelling and discomfort in the lower back. If the kidney stones are small, they are likely to move within the kidney, which can lead to severe lower back pain, clinically known as renal colic. This pain is quite severe, and it is necessary to go to the hospital for timely treatment.