Treatment methods for gastric varices

Written by Zhang Peng
General Surgery
Updated on September 02, 2024
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Gastric varices primarily refer to varices at the stomach base, often occurring in diseases characterized by portal hypertension associated with liver cirrhosis and as a complication of these gastric varices. For treating varices at the stomach base, if continuous hematemesis or vomiting blood occurs, there are several treatment options: The first is the injection of a sclerosing agent, which can achieve the purpose of hemostasis. Additionally, endoscopic ligation treatment can be considered. This method is very effective in preventing the rupture and bleeding of gastric varices. However, it is crucial to assess the overall status of the patient and determine whether liver cirrhosis can be prevented or treated.

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What are the symptoms of varicocele?

If the patient has mild varicocele, they often have no symptoms and it is not easily detected; in such cases, no special treatment is needed. However, with moderate or severe varicocele, the patient may experience a dragging pain in the testicles, especially after intense physical activity, prolonged sitting, or standing, which makes the pain more pronounced. During a physical examination, twisted, worm-like clusters of veins can be felt within the scrotum. Patients with varicocele should undergo further routine semen analysis to assess if the semen quality is affected. If sperm quality is impacted, it could lead to a decline in male fertility, and surgical treatment should be considered when necessary.

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What are the effects of secondary surgery for varicose veins?

If varicose veins recur, we need to carefully investigate the cause of the recurrence and rule out problems in the deep venous system. If there is an obstruction in the deep veins, recurrence can occur quickly even after secondary surgery on the superficial veins. If the deep veins are only involved in venous reflux, surgery can still be performed, but it is hoped that medical compression stockings will be worn for a period of time after surgery. Otherwise, there is still a possibility of recurrence after the secondary surgery.

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What should be paid attention to after varicocele surgery?

The precautions to take after varicocelectomy surgery are as follows: 1. After the surgery, it is important to keep the surgical incision clean and dry to reduce the chances of infection. 2. In the postoperative diet, eat lightly, consuming more fresh vegetables and fruits, and moderately include protein-rich foods such as lean meat, fish, eggs, and milk. Protein supplementation is beneficial for the healing of the surgical incision. 3. Rest is crucial after surgery. Generally, it is advised to rest in bed, avoid standing for long periods, and refrain from extensive walking. Extended standing may cause discomfort and swelling of the scrotum, so more bed rest is recommended.

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Can varicose veins be detected by ultrasound B?

Ultrasound is currently the main examination method for varicose veins. It is non-invasive, safe, and affordable, making it one of the standard methods for assessing varicose veins. Besides viewing the superficial veins, it also allows visualization of the deformed deep veins within the muscles, enabling a basic assessment of the causes of varicose veins. Ultrasound now plays a crucial role in the treatment of varicose veins. Many new treatment methods, such as blood flow modulation techniques like wrist flexing, require high precision in ultrasound use. It is essential to locate the reflux points using ultrasound, and then specifically target these points for ligation.

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What are the symptoms of varicocele?

The symptoms of varicocele vary depending on the severity of the patient's condition. Clinically, most varicocele patients have no obvious symptoms or no symptoms at all, and varicocele is often discovered during physical examinations. A small percentage of varicocele patients exhibit noticeable symptoms. The primary symptom is a feeling of heaviness or discomfort in the testicles, especially after prolonged walking or standing. The pain becomes more pronounced, but it will decrease or even disappear after lying down and resting. Some varicocele patients may not show symptoms but present with infertility. Varicocele is then discovered through physical examinations or related medical tests.