Principles of Rescue for Myocardial Infarction

Written by Tang Li
Cardiology
Updated on March 13, 2025
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For patients with myocardial infarction, we emphasize early detection and hospital admission, as well as strengthening on-site management before hospitalization. The treatment principle is to restore myocardial blood perfusion as soon as possible. Within 30 minutes of arriving at the hospital, thrombolysis or interventional treatment should begin to save the dying myocardium, prevent the expansion of infarction area, or reduce the range of myocardial ischemia, protect and maintain heart function, promptly deal with severe arrhythmias, heart failure, and various complications, prevent sudden death, so that patients can not only survive the acute phase but also maintain as many functional myocardial cells as possible after recovery.

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Written by Liu Ying
Cardiology
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How to maintain health after a myocardial infarction?

Myocardial infarction refers to the occurrence of ischemia and hypoxia in cardiac muscle cells, leading to necrosis of these cells. It is a very serious condition of the heart. Patients with myocardial infarction should pay attention to lifestyle adjustments, such as quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, adopting a low-salt and low-fat diet, eating less or avoiding fatty meat and animal offal, and avoiding staying up late, emotional excitement, fatigue, etc. It is also important to control high-risk factors of myocardial infarction, for example, patients with hypertension should control their blood pressure, those with diabetes should manage their blood sugar, and patients with high blood lipids should control their blood lipid levels and ensure they meet standard levels, etc., follow doctor’s advice, take medications on time, and have regular check-ups, etc.

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Written by Xie Zhi Hong
Cardiology
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How long does the pain from a myocardial infarction last?

Acute myocardial infarction often develops from angina pectoris. When angina persists for more than 30 minutes, myocardial necrosis begins. After the myocardial necrosis, symptoms similar to those of a burn appear, such as reddening of the myocardium, blistering, and necrosis. Generally speaking, these symptoms last no less than three days. Many people experience significant improvement after three days because the area of myocardial infarction is relatively small. In patients with extensive myocardial infarction, symptoms can last for 7 days or even longer. During this time, patients may also experience respiratory difficulties, recurrent chest pain, and even sudden death. Therefore, the duration of symptoms in myocardial infarction generally ranges from 3 to 7 days. If there is no improvement within this period, the disease might have led to severe complications.

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Written by Chen Guang Yin
Cardiology
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Is myocardial infarction class II serious?

New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II heart function is not severe. Myocardial infarction is a relatively serious type of coronary heart disease, which occurs due to the blockage of the coronary arteries leading to myocardial necrosis, and it carries certain risks. It can ultimately lead to complications such as sudden death and heart failure. At this stage, with Class II heart function, symptoms of heart failure can appear under conditions of significant exertion, including chest tightness, breathlessness, fatigue, and shortness of breath. These symptoms correspond to a relatively less severe stage of heart failure.

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Written by Liu Ying
Cardiology
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Atypical symptoms of myocardial infarction

We say myocardial infarction is a serious heart disease. Common symptoms of myocardial infarction include chest pain. However, some patients with myocardial infarction do not present with chest pain but exhibit other atypical symptoms. For example, some patients present with severe chest tightness and shortness of breath, or acute left heart failure. Others may seek treatment for palpitations or slow heart rate and other arrhythmias. Some exhibit symptoms like toothache or upper abdominal pain, while others may experience dizziness. There are also patients who present with low blood pressure or even go into shock. Therefore, for these patients, it is crucial to perform timely tests like electrocardiograms and troponin levels, and have a specialist make a diagnosis to avoid delays in treatment.

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Written by Zhang Yue Mei
Cardiology
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Complications of myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction is a more serious disease of the heart. Suffering from myocardial infarction can cause significant harm to the body and, in severe cases, can be life-threatening. If not properly treated, it can lead to various complications. The most common complications include arrhythmias, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, rupture of the ventricular wall, papillary muscle rupture, and ventricular septal perforation. Therefore, once a myocardial infarction occurs, it is crucial to actively perform rescue operations and treatments to prevent the occurrence of these complications.