Does a teratoma hurt?

Written by Tao Zhong E
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on May 26, 2025
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Ovarian tumors can be of many types, including serous cystadenomas, mucinous cystadenomas, chocolate cysts, or teratomas. Most patients with teratomas have no obvious symptoms, especially when the teratoma is less than 5cm in size. Most are discovered incidentally during physical examinations and are often asymptomatic. However, teratomas measuring 5-6cm can easily undergo torsion within the abdominal cavity. Torsion may lead to acute abdominal pain, although typically, there are no symptoms of abdominal pain. Thus, annual physical examinations can help detect tumors on the ovaries or uterus.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Is the likelihood of a teratoma being benign high?

Currently, teratomas are relatively common in clinical practice, and there is a high probability that teratomas are benign, with most teratomas being benign. The definitive diagnosis requires surgical removal of the teratoma, followed by routine pathological examination post-surgery. The nature of the teratoma, whether benign or malignant, is determined based on the pathological examination, and the results of the pathology dictate the next steps in the treatment plan. If the teratoma is malignant, further follow-up treatment is necessary.

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Written by Zhao Xiao Dong
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Why does pressing on a teratoma hurt?

Teratoma pain is often caused by torsion of the teratoma, which is prone to twisting, especially after vigorous exercise or sexual intercourse. Teratoma torsion typically presents as lower abdominal pain, and physical examination of the teratoma site will show significant tenderness, and even rebound pain. In such cases, emergency surgery is generally required to perform a teratoma excision. If the torsion is too severe and there is obvious ovarian necrosis, a unilateral adnexectomy must be performed, and the ovary cannot be preserved. However, this is relatively rare, and in most cases of teratoma torsion, the ovary can be preserved.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What to do about ovarian teratoma abdominal pain?

If a patient has an ovarian teratoma and also has abdominal pain, they should immediately visit a local hospital for a gynecological examination and a gynecological ultrasound. The main purpose is to confirm whether there is torsion of the ovarian teratoma. Once torsion of the ovarian teratoma occurs, it can cause ischemic necrosis of the ipsilateral fallopian tube and ovary, leading to severe consequences. Therefore, once an ovarian teratoma is detected, it is not advisable for the patient to continue observation treatment. Prompt surgery is key to avoiding pathological changes and complications.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Why does a teratoma have hair?

Mature teratomas contain lipids, hair, and even bone and other tissue structures within the tumor cavity. The main reason for this is that teratomas are composed of cells from multiple embryonic layers. These embryonic layer cells can develop in different directions, further developing into tissues such as hair, lipids, or bones. Therefore, during surgical procedures, it is common to find hair within the teratoma.

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Written by Sun Shan Shan
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can a teratoma disappear with medication?

Ovarian teratomas cannot be treated with medication. Ovarian teratomas are the most common type of germ cell tumor and are categorized into mature and immature teratomas. Mature teratomas, also known as dermoid cysts, are mostly benign tumors. These cysts generally have a single chamber filled with sebum and hair, and sometimes teeth and bone material can also be found inside. On the other hand, immature teratomas are malignant tumors, making up 1%-3% of ovarian teratomas, commonly seen in younger patients with an average age between 11 and 19 years. Thus, it is crucial to seek prompt medical evaluation upon detection of an ovarian teratoma to determine the size of the cyst and, if necessary, pursue surgical treatment, as medication will not resolve the issue.