Generally speaking, after the occurrence of black stool due to upper gastrointestinal bleeding, it is quite difficult to cure and requires active treatment measures. For example, it is necessary to perform thorough gastroscopy and under gastroscopy, endoscopic treatment can be conducted. It is also advisable to consider oral medications that inhibit gastric acid secretion and protect the gastric mucosa. Medications that inhibit gastric acid secretion include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as omeprazole, lansoprazole, and pantoprazole. Alternatively, H2 receptor antagonists such as ranitidine and famotidine can be selected. In terms of efficacy, proton pump inhibitors are generally more effective and better than H2 receptor antagonists, with fewer side effects.