How does a cold spread?

Written by Han Shun Li
Pulmonology
Updated on November 05, 2024
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The common cold is a very common clinical disease, caused by a viral infection that is somewhat contagious. So, how is the common cold transmitted? On one hand, it can spread through the respiratory tract; for example, cold sufferers through sneezing, coughing, and other methods can produce droplets containing the cold virus. When these droplets are inhaled by healthy individuals, they can become infected. Additionally, if everyday items are contaminated by the cold virus, other people can come into contact with the virus by touching these items. If they do not wash their hands afterwards, they can also become infected with the cold virus through contact.

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Written by Li Jian Wu
Pulmonology
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What is good to eat when you have a cold?

What to eat when you have a cold? You should choose soft, bland, and easily digestible foods. In terms of medication, you need to choose antiviral drugs and symptomatic treatment drugs. The diet should be light, soft, and easy to digest, avoiding excessive consumption of meat and overly greasy, high-calorie foods. Eat more celery, spinach, mung bean sprouts, tomatoes, carrots, cucumbers, bitter melon, etc. General soy products and dairy can also be consumed. It is not recommended to consume too much meat; the focus should be on light foods, consumed in small amounts frequently. When having a fever, opt for liquid or semi-liquid foods.

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Written by Zhang Cui Xiang
Pediatrics
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The difference between heat cold and cold cold in children

When children catch a cold, parents can use the following methods to determine whether it is a cold caused by wind-cold or wind-heat. Parents can observe the child's nasal discharge. Generally, children with a cold have a runny nose. If the discharge is clear, it usually indicates a wind-cold cold. If the nasal discharge is thick and somewhat yellow, it suggests a wind-heat cold. Starting with clear nasal discharge and then turning yellow indicates that the child has inflammation. Parents can also judge by observing how much the child is bothered by the cold. Generally, a wind-cold cold will show more obvious signs of being chilly, with an increase in body temperature, while a wind-heat cold doesn't show chilly symptoms as noticeably, or may not show any at all. It is important to watch for signs of the child shivering. Based on these identification methods, parents must timely administer appropriate medication to treat the child's symptoms.

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Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
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What is good to eat for a stomach cold?

Gastrointestinal colds primarily manifest gastrointestinal symptoms following a cold. It is advisable to consume more vegetables and fruits to stay hydrated and maintain the body's acid-base balance. Eating soft, easily digestible foods can also alleviate the burden on the gastrointestinal tract, such as drinking vegetable soup or rice soup. Avoid consuming raw, cold, spicy, or gas-producing foods, such as nuts, soy products, milk, eggs, etc. Moreover, actively use medications that clear heat, benefit dampness, and soothe the liver and stomach for treatment, and keep the abdominal area warm. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Wang Chun Mei
Pulmonology
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Itchy throat and coughing, is it a wind-heat cold or a wind-cold cold?

When patients present with symptoms such as itchy throat and cough in a clinical setting, it is generally difficult to distinguish between a wind-heat cold and a wind-cold cold based solely on these symptoms. Distinguishing between wind-heat and wind-cold colds requires combining other clinical symptoms to accurately differentiate. Typically, patients with wind-heat colds are more common during the hot summers. These patients experience varying degrees of nasal congestion, runny nose, and sneezing, along with fever, chills, sore throat, and often cough up yellow sputum. On the other hand, wind-cold colds tend to occur more often in winter. These patients exhibit varying degrees of itchy throat and cough, nasal congestion, and also experience different degrees of fever, but generally do not have chills. Therefore, it is generally difficult to specifically distinguish the type of cold based on the solitary symptoms of itchy throat and cough in a clinical setting.

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Written by Hu Bai Yu
Pulmonology
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How to treat cold and cough with food therapy?

Colds and coughs can be treated through dietary therapy. For instance, you can stew pears with rock sugar or stew pears with Fritillaria and add some honey, both of which can help alleviate coughs. Additionally, if it's just a dry cough without phlegm, you can take an uncooked egg before going to bed at night, place it in a bowl, sprinkle a large spoonful of sugar on top without stirring, and steam it in a pot until cooked. Eating it hot, along with the soup and egg, can help relieve dry coughs. Also, it should be noted that using scallion whites and white radishes, boiled into a soup to drink like tea two to three times a day, can also be beneficial in alleviating coughs.