What are the symptoms of bone metastasis from prostate cancer?

Written by Zhou Zi Hua

Oncology

Updated on September 09, 2024

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Bone metastasis is the most common site of metastasis for prostate cancer, with the lumbar vertebrae being the most common site. Eighty percent of bone metastases in prostate cancer are osteoblastic changes. The main symptoms caused by bone metastasis are bone pain, pathological fractures, anemia, and if the spinal cord is compressed, it can cause paralysis of the lower limbs, weakness, incontinence, and other symptoms.

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Written by Liu Liang

Oncology

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Is chemotherapy for prostate cancer painful?

For patients with advanced prostate cancer, endocrine therapy is primarily used. Chemotherapy is generally chosen when endocrine therapy is resistant and ineffective. The side effects of chemotherapy are similar to those of other chemotherapy treatments. The first is the gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, or bloating and abdominal pain. The second is bone marrow suppression, which leads to a decrease in white blood cells and platelets. The side effects of chemotherapy vary with each patient's constitution and other factors. In most cases, with the support of medications for stomach protection, anti-nausea, and increasing white blood cells, the majority of patients can generally tolerate the treatment.

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Written by Yan Chun

Oncology

53sec

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Is prostate cancer stage T2 considered early or mid-stage?

Prostate cancer stage T2 is considered early or intermediate, but it is also necessary to understand the patient's N and M status. If the patient is at stage T2, and both N and M are at stage 0, then it is considered early-stage prostate cancer. If the primary lesion is at stage T2, but N1 is present and there is no metastasis (M), then the patient is considered to have intermediate-stage prostate cancer. If the primary lesion is at stage T2, but there is metastasis in N and M, then the patient's clinical stage is considered advanced. The clinical staging of prostate cancer not only requires understanding of the primary lesion T, but also involves the regional lymph nodes N and distant metastasis M.

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Written by Zhou Zi Hua

Oncology

1min

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Pathological classification of prostate cancer

The classification of precancerous lesions of prostate cancer is divided into two categories: intraductal carcinoma of the prostate and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. Among these, the relationship between intraductal carcinoma of the prostate and prostate cancer is the closest. Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is currently recognized as a precancerous lesion of prostate cancer, while atypical adenomatous hyperplasia has not been proven to be a precancerous lesion of prostate cancer according to current evidence. However, the biological behavior of this atypical adenomatous hyperplasia is not very clear yet, so it should be closely monitored. The histological classification of prostate cancer mainly includes the majority of acinar adenocarcinoma and a small amount of ductal adenocarcinoma, with acinar adenocarcinoma being a highly invasive malignant tumor.

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Written by Liu Liang

Oncology

1min 8sec

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Best treatment methods for prostate cancer

Treatment methods for prostate cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy, among others. The choice of specific treatment methods is comprehensively considered based on the stage of the disease and the patient's physical condition. Early-stage prostate cancer patients can choose prostatectomy or radical radiotherapy. For patients with locally advanced T3 or T4 stage prostate cancer, since the efficacy of prostatectomy alone is relatively poor, radiotherapy combined with endocrine therapy can be chosen. For patients with metastatic prostate cancer, those who are found to have bone metastasis or distant metastasis from the onset, endocrine therapy is primarily used. If endocrine therapy is ineffective or fails, chemotherapy can also be adopted for these late-stage metastatic prostate cancer patients. If the bone metastasis causes pain, local radiotherapy can also be used to alleviate the pain symptoms.

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Written by Liu Liang

Oncology

36sec

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Is prostate cancer sexually transmitted?

Prostate cancer is non-contagious; therefore, it cannot be transmitted through sharing utensils, eating together, or through respiratory pathways. Secondly, prostate cancer is not transmitted through sexual activity; it is non-contagious. In clinical settings, many family members of patients inquire whether malignant tumors are contagious and if they could be infected while caring for the patient. It is important to clarify that malignant tumors are not contagious, and prostate cancer cannot be transmitted through sexual activity.