Do internal hemorrhoids always require surgery?

Written by Deng Heng
Colorectal Surgery
Updated on May 22, 2025
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The prolapse of hemorrhoidal nodules is the main symptom of internal hemorrhoids progressing to the middle and late stages. In the middle stage, the hemorrhoidal nodules prolapse during defecation but can be spontaneously reduced afterwards. In the late stage, internal hemorrhoids require manual reduction or a period of bed rest after defecation, and may even prolapse during normal activities, walking, exhaustion, as well as during coughing, sneezing, or squatting. Some patients cannot manually reduce the prolapsed nodules back into the anus, making them highly susceptible to infection. Due to inflammation, edema, and pain, incarceration occurs, making reduction difficult. Therefore, the prolapse of internal hemorrhoids is a symptom of the middle to late stages of hemorrhoids, and surgery is definitely needed.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Can you drink alcohol if you have internal hemorrhoids bleeding?

If a patient experiences internal hemorrhoid bleeding, it is not advisable to drink alcohol during the bleeding period. Alcohol contains excessive amounts of irritating substances. Excessive drinking can cause excessive congestion of the mucous membrane of the internal hemorrhoids, and the already ruptured mucosa may increase the likelihood of further bleeding. Therefore, drinking alcohol during internal hemorrhoid bleeding can increase the amount of bleeding and might even lead to an increase in the size of the hemorrhoids, or the formation of acute edema and thrombosis, worsening the severity of the condition. During the bleeding period of internal hemorrhoids, patients are advised to follow a light diet and may need to further combine this with oral hemostatic medications, or use hemorrhoidal suppositories and hemorrhoid creams for symptomatic hemostasis and anti-swelling treatment. (The use of medications should be conducted under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Yu Xu Chao
Colorectal Surgery
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Can warm water sitz baths improve internal hemorrhoids that have prolapsed?

Warm sitz baths for prolapsed internal hemorrhoids can improve anal heaviness to some extent, and prevent inflammatory edema caused by the prolapse. They can also help prevent further worsening of prolapsed hemorrhoids, as warm sitz baths promote circulation around the anal area, relieve heaviness, and can somewhat reduce the prolapse, but they cannot completely cure it. Prolapsed internal hemorrhoids are caused by pathological hypertrophy and descent of the anal cushions, representing an organic lesion. Simple conservative medical treatment can only prevent the hemorrhoids from worsening, but cannot fully cure them. For prolapsed internal hemorrhoids that can be manually reduced, conservative treatment is generally recommended. Regular smooth bowel movements should be maintained, long duration of defecation should be avoided, and frequent anal sphincter exercises should be performed. However, for prolapsed hemorrhoids that cannot be reduced, or those that develop incarceration with edema or thrombosis, surgical treatment is recommended.

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Written by Yu Xu Chao
Colorectal Surgery
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Why do internal hemorrhoids prolapse without pain, itching, or bleeding?

Internal hemorrhoids that prolapse but do not hurt, itch, or bleed are primarily due to the large size of the prolapsed hemorrhoids and severe varicose veins underneath them, which leads to prolapse. At this time, they are less likely to bleed and will not cause itching. Since internal hemorrhoids are located above the dentate line in the anal canal, at the end of the rectum, and are innervated by the autonomic nervous system, they also do not cause pain. However, if internal hemorrhoids remain prolapsed at the anus for a long time, they can easily lead to local inflammatory edema, causing local pain and even a significant increase in secretion from the anal area. Therefore, when internal hemorrhoids prolapse, they should be pushed back into the anus as soon as possible. If repositioning is not possible, it is recommended to promptly undergo a hemorrhoid banding procedure, and regularly perform pelvic floor exercises to ensure smooth bowel movements.

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Written by Yu Xu Chao
Colorectal Surgery
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How to solve internal hemorrhoids that are prolapsed and incarcerated?

In clinical practice, for cases where internal hemorrhoids prolapse and become incarcerated, surgical treatment is often recommended. This is because the prolapse of internal hemorrhoids indicates a significant displacement and that the hemorrhoids have been prolapsed for a long time, which can lead to incarceration. In such cases, there is a risk of localized swelling or thrombosis formation, causing anal swelling and pain, and in severe cases, necrosis of the prolapsed tissue. Therefore, it is advised to opt for surgical treatment as soon as possible for incarcerated internal hemorrhoidal prolapse. Surgical options include hemorrhoidal banding, PPH (Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids), and TST (Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization) among others. Anesthetic choices can range from local infiltration anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, to general intravenous anesthesia. With spinal and general anesthesia, the patient does not experience pain during surgery and does not feel fear of pain. Post-surgery, it is also necessary to select appropriate medications for dressing changes, such as anal washes, hemorrhoidal suppositories, and golden yellow ointment to promote wound healing.

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Written by Deng Heng
Colorectal Surgery
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Do internal hemorrhoids always require surgery?

The prolapse of hemorrhoidal nodules is the main symptom of internal hemorrhoids progressing to the middle and late stages. In the middle stage, the hemorrhoidal nodules prolapse during defecation but can be spontaneously reduced afterwards. In the late stage, internal hemorrhoids require manual reduction or a period of bed rest after defecation, and may even prolapse during normal activities, walking, exhaustion, as well as during coughing, sneezing, or squatting. Some patients cannot manually reduce the prolapsed nodules back into the anus, making them highly susceptible to infection. Due to inflammation, edema, and pain, incarceration occurs, making reduction difficult. Therefore, the prolapse of internal hemorrhoids is a symptom of the middle to late stages of hemorrhoids, and surgery is definitely needed.