Symptoms of Tetanus

Written by Zhang Peng
General Surgery
Updated on November 27, 2024
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What are the symptoms of tetanus? Generally, the prodromal symptoms include overall weakness, headache, difficulty swallowing, or limited movement of the head and neck. If the condition progresses further, there may be typical symptoms such as difficulty opening the mouth or tense jaw muscles, leading to muscle spasms in the limbs, possibly causing spasms of the larynx, which can lead to breathing difficulties or even suffocation. Hence, it is a particularly severe manifestation. Some individuals may experience generalized tonic muscle spasms throughout the body, a milder manifestation with a typically longer incubation period. Therefore, in the treatment of tetanus, proactive active immunization should be pursued.

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Written by Xu Jun Hui
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How to get a tetanus shot if you are not allergic

Tetanus allergy refers to the body not being allergic to tetanus antitoxin, which can be directly diluted with saline and then administered intramuscularly into the buttocks or upper arm. Alternatively, tetanus immunoglobulin, which does not require a skin test, can also be administered intramuscularly. The purpose of the tetanus shot is to prevent infection by the tetanus bacillus, an anaerobic bacterium. In deep wounds in an anaerobic environment, or in heavily contaminated wounds with dirt or rust, there is a high risk of colonization by tetanus bacilli in the human body, requiring tetanus vaccination treatment.

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Written by Tang Da Wei
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What are the chances of getting tetanus?

In clinical practice, the chances of tetanus are relatively low. Tetanus is mainly caused by infection with the tetanus bacillus. Since the tetanus bacillus is an anaerobic bacterium and is found almost everywhere in nature, patients with injuries, especially small and deep wounds, are prone to tetanus infection. Therefore, for wounds with injuries, especially deep ones, it is important to promptly administer a tetanus shot to prevent infection. At the same time, thorough debridement of the wound is necessary to completely eliminate the tetanus bacillus from the wound. If prevention or proper wound cleaning is not effectively carried out, there is a potential risk of tetanus infection.

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Written by Zhang Da Wei
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How long should one abstain from certain foods for tetanus?

To determine how long to avoid certain foods for tetanus, it is necessary first to assess the onset and severity of the disease. During the onset of the disease, it is generally essential to avoid certain foods, and this dietary restriction usually lasts throughout the treatment process. If it concerns the administration of a tetanus vaccine, then dietary restrictions typically last about a week. Since the tetanus vaccine includes tetanus antitoxin, and its effective duration is about one week, it can effectively prevent tetanus bacterium infection during this time. Therefore, during this period, one must avoid certain foods, usually avoiding spicy and greasy foods. It is advisable to primarily consume a light diet, drink plenty of water, and eat plenty of vegetables and fruits to better aid in preventing tetanus bacterium.

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Written by Li Jin Quan
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Can tetanus be cured?

If the patient does not have severe complications, most cases of tetanus can be cured. Tetanus is usually a specific infection caused by toxins secreted by Clostridium tetani. The incubation period for tetanus is usually six to seven days, but it can be as short as within 24 hours or as long as several months or even years. Therefore, after cleaning a wound, it is important to get a tetanus vaccine at a formal hospital. When tetanus occurs, we should actively go to the hospital for formal and systematic treatment, as the vast majority of patients can be cured.

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Written by Zhang Peng
General Surgery
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Is tetanus fatal?

Tetanus infection is quite frightening, with current statistics showing that the mortality rate of tetanus infections can be as high as 40%, and about a million people die from tetanus globally each year. The current principle is to promptly inject tetanus antitoxin or tetanus immunoglobulin for sharp, deep wounds. For tetanus infection, the main symptoms manifest as local or systemic muscle rigidity and spasms. The incubation period varies; if a tetanus vaccination has been previously administered, or depending on the infection and treatment of the wound, the severity of the onset can differ. The prodromal period typically presents symptoms like dizziness, headache, heightened reflexes, restlessness, and possible difficulty opening the mouth; during the convulsive phase, there is continuous muscle contraction, eventually causing persistent spasms in the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.