What are the symptoms of functional uterine bleeding?

Written by Zou Fu Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on September 25, 2024
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Functional uterine bleeding is primarily characterized by severe disruptions in menstrual cycle, amount, and duration. The disruptions in menstrual cycles typically manifest as an early onset of menstruation. The amount of menstruation is typically characterized as excessive, and the duration tends to be prolonged. Some women experience heavy bleeding or incomplete clearing, where they may remain unclean for half a month or even one or two months. This condition is primarily seen in adolescent girls and women going through menopause. Adolescent girls with uterine bleeding may experience anemia, and it could lead to infertility later on. Menopausal uterine bleeding may be accompanied by severe anemia, requiring some to be hospitalized for blood transfusions. Moreover, it is essential to perform an ultrasound if the uterine endometrium is thick, to rule out endometrial pathology.

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Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Functional uterine bleeding refers to abnormal bleeding from the uterus.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding in women is when the reproductive system has no organic lesions but is caused by internal and external factors that lead to abnormal gonadal axis function, resulting in irregular vaginal bleeding. For example, it is common for women to experience large emotional fluctuations due to family changes or other events, or changes in their work and living environments, excessive fatigue, frequent staying up late, etc., all of which can cause abnormal gonadal axis function. Furthermore, some endocrine disorders in women, such as elevated blood glucose levels and abnormal thyroid or adrenal gland function, can also affect the function of the gonadal axis and cause dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

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Written by Wang Jing Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How to examine functional uterine bleeding?

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding primarily requires checking for any present anemia with routine blood tests and coagulation studies. Ultrasound is needed to examine the pelvis and uterine cavity, including the thickness of the endometrium. Treatment methods should be considered based on these results. Some cases can be managed with medication; others may require another diagnostic curettage to further clarify the condition of the endometrium; some may need contraceptives or similar treatments for 3-6 months, as this is fundamentally an endocrine issue involving hormonal imbalance, where hormonal treatment tends to be quite effective.

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Written by Li Shun Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What causes functional uterine bleeding?

Functional uterine bleeding is commonly seen in adolescence and menopause, primarily caused by the absence of normal ovulation. Without ovulation, there is no production of progesterone, leading to irregular vaginal bleeding or heavy bleeding under the influence of estrogen. The main treatment method is menstrual regulation. For adolescent girls, menstrual regulation and ovulation induction treatment are needed, as this is caused by abnormal development of the gonadal axis. Progesterone can be used for menstrual regulation. In menopausal women, menopausal functional uterine bleeding mostly results from abnormal ovulation, essentially due to a lack of progesterone, so treatment with progesterone can be applied. (Please use medication under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Is functional uterine bleeding easy to treat?

Functional uterine bleeding is a common gynecological disease. The cause of functional uterine bleeding is relatively clear, so it is easier to treat clinically. Currently, oral hormonal drugs are widely used to treat functional uterine bleeding. Most patients have their endocrine disorders readjusted after taking oral hormonal drugs, returning to normal levels. After several courses of hormonal drug treatment, most women can recover and resume regular menstrual cycles.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What are the symptoms of functional uterine bleeding?

Functional uterine bleeding, clinically divided into ovulatory and anovulatory functional uterine bleeding, presents differently depending on the type. Typically, the clinical manifestation of anovulatory functional uterine bleeding includes prolonged menstrual dripping or heavy vaginal bleeding. In such cases, it is recommended that patients seek immediate medical attention at a local hospital for a clear diagnosis and timely treatment. Ovulatory uterine bleeding is often characterized by changes in the menstrual cycle; some women may experience a shortened cycle, while others may have an extended menstrual cycle.