What causes sudden fainting and loss of bladder/bowel control?

Written by Liu Hong Mei
Neurology
Updated on May 20, 2025
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Sudden fainting and incontinence may be due to a sharp decrease in blood pressure, a sudden reduction in cardiac output, and widespread insufficiency in brain artery supply. It is related to cardiogenic syncope, cerebrogenic syncope, and vasovagal inhibitory syncope. This is caused by a temporary sudden decrease in cerebral blood flow, resulting in insufficient blood and oxygen supply to the brain, which leads to suppression of the reticular activating system and loss of consciousness and incontinence. Further actions should include ambulatory electrocardiograms, dynamic blood pressure monitoring, dynamic electroencephalograms, cranial magnetic resonance imaging, and vascular imaging to clarify the cause of the syncope. Further tests should include complete blood count, liver function tests, kidney function tests, and electrocardiograms.

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Written by Guan Hai Fang
Urology
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Where is there a specialty for urinary incontinence?

Generally speaking, urinary incontinence falls under the category of urology, though some aspects could also be seen by specialists in men's health, who can effectively treat symptoms of urinary incontinence. Generally, it is recommended that patients seek examination and treatment in public hospitals, as the treatment provided in private hospitals is often not as reliable. For patients with urinary incontinence, it is advisable to consult the urology department if visiting a hospital. The urology department primarily deals with diseases of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Typically, urinary incontinence involves issues with the urethra or bladder, which can lead to incontinence. Therefore, it is advisable for patients to visit a reputable public hospital and consult the urology department.

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Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
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Will urinary incontinence heal itself after a vaginal delivery?

During natural childbirth, because it can damage pelvic floor function, causing issues such as bladder prolapse, uterine prolapse, and a series of other pelvic floor dysfunctions, some women may experience urinary incontinence after giving birth. If urinary incontinence occurs after natural childbirth, it suggests that the damage to the pelvic floor functions is quite severe, and these conditions generally cannot heal on their own. First, a pelvic floor function test should be conducted to assess the condition of the pelvic floor. If the damage to the pelvic floor is minor, it can be improved through machine-assisted treatment and performing Kegel exercises, which also help enhance pelvic floor functions. If the evaluation reveals severe prolapse, pelvic floor reconstructive surgery is required to suture the prolapsed bladder or uterus back into place, which can improve urinary incontinence. Therefore, urinary incontinence after natural childbirth generally does not heal on its own.

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Written by Wang Shuai
Urology
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Stress urinary incontinence clinical manifestations

The primary clinical manifestation of stress urinary incontinence is the leakage of urine from the urethra when sudden increases in intra-abdominal pressure occur, such as laughing, sneezing, or coughing. This condition is commonly seen in women who have given birth. It is mainly caused by the relaxation of the urethral sphincter and pelvic floor muscles after childbirth. The more childbirths a woman has, the higher the frequency of stress urinary incontinence. For mild symptoms, improvement can be achieved through pelvic floor muscle exercises. If necessary, medications such as Midodrine Hydrochloride tablets can be taken orally. For severe symptoms, surgery is recommended. (Medication should be used under the guidance of a doctor based on specific circumstances.)

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Written by Wang Shuai
Urology
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What are the symptoms of urinary incontinence?

Urinary incontinence mainly refers to the uncontrolled flow of urine from the urethral opening. There are several types of urinary incontinence, including stress incontinence, urge incontinence, overflow incontinence, tension incontinence, and neurogenic incontinence. Stress incontinence, commonly seen in women who have given birth, mainly refers to the leakage of urine from the urethral opening during actions that increase abdominal pressure, such as coughing, jumping rope, or sneezing. Urge incontinence is commonly seen in acute cases of bladder inflammation, where the inflammation stimulates the bladder, causing the patient to have a strong urge to urinate, thus losing control over urination, with urine flowing out from the urethral opening. Neurogenic incontinence is due to nerve damage, such as after spinal injury, leading to loss of bladder and urinary muscle function, causing urine to continuously flow out from the urethral opening.

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Written by Wang Shuai
Urology
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How to treat stress urinary incontinence?

Stress urinary incontinence primarily refers to the leakage of urine from the urethra while sneezing, coughing, laughing, or lifting heavy objects, which increases abdominal pressure. This condition is commonly seen in women who have given birth, mainly due to the relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles and the detrusor muscles. If the symptoms are not very severe, they can be improved through functional exercises of the pelvic floor muscles and the detrusor muscle. If the condition is moderate or severe stress urinary incontinence, surgical treatment is recommended. Mid-urethral sling procedures can be adopted to control urination.