For female infertility, one should visit the department of gynecology.

Written by Zhang Xiu Rong
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on June 10, 2025
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Women who need infertility tests generally go to a hospital and visit either the Infertility Department or the Reproductive Medicine Department. Infertility is generally diagnosed when a couple has been married for over a year, both spouses have normal reproductive functions, have regular conjugal relations without contraception, and yet have not conceived. If infertility is confirmed, the male generally needs to undergo tests such as routine semen analysis, and checks for Mycoplasma and Chlamydia. The female usually needs to undergo tests for immunologic infertility, a sex hormone panel, ultrasound, hysterosalpingography, and follicle monitoring among other related examinations. These issues can generally be addressed by the infertility or reproductive medicine departments in local hospitals.

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Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can pelvic effusion cause infertility?

Usually, pelvic effusion in women does not lead to infertility. For instance, physiological conditions in women, such as during the menstrual period or around ovulation, can lead to a small amount of leakage in the pelvic cavity. During an ultrasound, this may appear as a small amount of pelvic effusion, which is usually absorbed normally and does not affect pregnancy. However, if a woman's pelvic effusion is due to inflammation, and this inflammation affects the fallopian tubes or ovaries, causing inflammation in these areas, it might impact the woman's ability to conceive normally.

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Written by Kang Jian Hua
Reproductive Center
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How is infertility caused?

Infertility can occur if there is an issue with either partner. The main factors causing infertility in women include ovulation disorders, fallopian tube factors, and abnormal endometrial receptivity. The primary factors causing infertility in men are abnormal spermatogenesis and ovulation disorders. Common etiological diagnoses generally include ovulation disorders, abnormal semen, fallopian tube abnormalities, unexplained infertility, endometriosis, and other immunological infertility. Additionally, cervical factors can also lead to infertility, such as cervical stenosis, which accounts for more than 5% of cervical factors.

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Written by Zhao Min Ying
Reproductive Medicine
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Precautions for Infertility Examination

Infertility examinations primarily involve tests for both men and women. For men, the examination includes a semen analysis which requires abstinence for 2-7 days. Semen should be collected through masturbation, using a specialized semen collection cup provided by the laboratory. Ordinary condoms should not be used for semen collection. After collection, the semen must be kept warm and promptly delivered back to the laboratory. For women, the examinations include several aspects. First, during the menstrual period, blood is drawn on an empty stomach between the 2nd and 4th days to check hormone levels, and an ultrasound is used to assess the baseline state of the ovaries. Second, between the 3rd and 7th days after the menstrual period ends, when sexual intercourse is prohibited, tests are conducted to examine the uterus and fallopian tubes. These may include hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy, or laparoscopy to evaluate the condition of the fallopian tubes. Third, monitoring ovulation with ultrasound begins from the 8th to 10th day of the menstrual cycle, tracking the development of follicles and the uterine lining until the follicle matures and ovulation occurs.

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Written by Kang Jian Hua
Reproductive Center
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Infertility is divided into several types.

Common classification methods for infertility mainly include the following types: The first type is based on medical history, which can be divided into primary infertility and secondary infertility. Primary infertility refers to never having been pregnant; secondary infertility refers to having been pregnant before, but after trying to conceive for more than a year, despite having regular sexual intercourse without contraception, there has been no pregnancy. The second type is based on the treatment conditions, which can be divided into absolute infertility and relative infertility. Based on the results of treatment, it can further be classified into temporary infertility and permanent infertility. The third type is based on the causes of infertility, which can be divided into male infertility, female infertility, and infertility affecting both partners.

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Written by Li Li Jie
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Will taking melatonin cause infertility in women?

Taking melatonin daily will not cause infertility in women. Melatonin can help with sleep and regulate immune function, but for women around 30 years old experiencing poor sleep, it should not be taken frequently. Since it is a hormonal medication, long-term use can not only have adverse effects on the body but also lead to dependency. During this period, women should ensure proper rest, engage in appropriate daytime activities, and maintain a regular lifestyle to help improve sleep quality. Additionally, maintaining a good mood is important. If you feel particularly depressed, it is advisable to consult a psychologist.