Patients with atrophic gastritis and esophagitis may experience weight loss, as those with atrophic gastritis can have upper abdominal pain, distension pain, and burning pain, accompanied by a feeling of bloating and belching. Severe cases can lead to anemia and weight loss. The main cause of atrophic gastritis is infection by Helicobacter pylori. Of course, immune factors and dietary habits also play significant roles in the development of atrophic gastritis. Once atrophic gastritis is definitively diagnosed, it is crucial to actively eradicate Helicobacter pylori, as well as to quit smoking and drinking, and avoid using medications and consuming foods that may damage the gastric mucosa.