What would happen if the ventricular septal defect occluder dislodges?

Written by Xie Zhi Hong
Cardiology
Updated on November 05, 2024
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An occluder generally works like two umbrella surfaces clamped over the orifice of the interventricular septal defect, achieving the method whereby tissue blood flow enters from the left side of the septum to the right side. Once an occluder dislodges, it can lead to a dangerous situation, as the occluder has a membrane that can easily get caught on the tendons of the mitral valve, causing severe mitral regurgitation; it can also get stuck at the mitral valve orifice, obstructing the outflow of blood; it may also lead to aortic valve insufficiency; if it gets caught in the major arteries, it can cause arterial embolism, leading to sudden death in the patient. Therefore, the dislodgement of an occluder is a very dangerous phenomenon.

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What should I do if occasional chest tightness and shortness of breath occur due to a ventricular septal defect?

Ventricular septal defect can cause chest tightness and shortness of breath. This indicates that the ventricular septal defect has already led to a decline in cardiac function, which may not have reached the severity of heart failure. However, factors such as increased physical activity, emotional changes, infections, etc., can increase the cardiac burden, leading to symptoms of heart failure, manifesting as chest tightness and shortness of breath. In severe cases, it can be accompanied by wheezing and episodes of respiratory difficulty. Therefore, if a patient is found to have a ventricular septal defect, this is a congenital heart disease that requires early surgical treatment. Currently, percutaneous transcatheter closure or thoracotomy for ventricular septal repair can be employed. The specific method of surgery depends on the detailed assessment of the ventricular septal defect.

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Causes of hoarseness due to ventricular septal defect.

If a patient exhibits some ventricular septal defects, it is possible for hoarseness to occur, as this condition is a type of congenital heart disease. If a patient frequently experiences hoarseness, it might be caused by congenital heart disease, but chronic pharyngitis or laryngitis, which can also cause hoarseness, should not be ruled out. Additionally, conditions like vocal cord polyps or deeper diseases can lead to hoarseness. However, it is important to differentiate these from normal diseases. If the issue is solely a ventricular septal defect, surgical treatment can be recommended for the patient, which can achieve a complete cure. Attention should also be paid to maintaining a healthy diet.

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Can an 8mm ventricular septal defect heal by itself?

The ventricular septal defect is 8 millimeters, which is considered a medium-sized defect. This type of defect is relatively large and will not heal on its own. Moreover, this ventricular septal defect requires timely surgical treatment, and close observation is needed in daily life. If the child is prone to catching colds, leading to repeated pneumonia, then prompt surgical treatment is necessary without delay. If the child's growth and development are not affected and there are no repeated incidents of pneumonia, close monitoring can be considered. Surgery to repair the ventricular septal defect can be considered after the child reaches two years of age. Otherwise, if delayed, it may lead to heart failure and complications such as pulmonary hypertension, severely affecting the quality of life and endangering the patient's safety.

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Will being overweight affect the surgery for a ventricular septal defect?

Ventricular septal defect surgery is performed by puncturing the right femoral vein, guiding the catheter into the inferior vena cava, through the atria and ventricles, and reaching the defect via the right ventricle. The occluder can then be delivered through the catheter into the left ventricle, where the umbrella is opened, followed by opening it in the right ventricle; this describes the surgical process. Therefore, generally speaking, the surgical process is not affected in most patients who are obese. However, severe obesity can impact the accuracy of vascular localization during puncture by the surgeon. Secondly, if complications such as anesthesia issues or other emergencies arise during the surgery, severely obese patients may experience a reduced success rate in emergency surgical interventions, hence it is recommended that patients control their weight. Furthermore, severe obesity can exacerbate the cardiac load originally induced by the ventricular septal defect, thus affecting the surgical tolerance in patients whose cardiac function is already compromised by the defect. It is recommended that these patients control their weight.

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Ventricular septal defect is what?

Ventricular septal defect is a common congenital heart disease, mainly due to the abnormal defect in the ventricular septum during the fetal development, resulting in an abnormal channel between the left and right ventricles. Ventricular septal defect can cause blood to shunt from the left ventricle to the right ventricle, gradually increasing the blood flow in the pulmonary circulation, leading to an increase in the volume load of the left and right ventricles, while causing a decrease in the systemic circulation volume. In the later stages, due to the significant increase in right ventricular pressure, it leads to right-to-left shunting, thereby causing Eisenmenger's syndrome. For ventricular septal defects with a large degree of defect, timely interventional treatment or surgical ventricular septal defect repair is required.