How to prevent umbilical cord entanglement in late pregnancy

Written by Zhang Yin Xing
Obstetrics
Updated on January 08, 2025
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There are no effective prevention methods for nuchal cord, which is the most common form of umbilical cord entanglement where the cord wraps around the fetus's neck, limbs, or trunk. Nuchal cord occurs in 90% of these cases, frequently involving the cord wrapping around the neck once. This phenomenon can be observed in 20% of deliveries and is associated with factors such as an overly long umbilical cord, a small fetus, excessive amniotic fluid, and frequent fetal movements. An excessively long umbilical cord is mostly a physiological occurrence since the cord floats in the amniotic fluid and its actual length cannot be accurately measured, with no effective methods to prevent its occurrence. Excessive amniotic fluid and a small fetus are linked to certain pregnancy complications, such as diabetes-induced polyhydramnios and restricted fetal growth. Actively controlling blood sugar during pregnancy can prevent such issues. Frequent fetal movements are physiological for some pregnant women. Women who experience more frequent fetal movements throughout pregnancy are likely to encounter nuchal cord. Clinically, nuchal cord does not require special management unless it leads to obstructions in fetal descent, fetal distress, or variations in fetal heart rate. It does not impact delivery or fetal development.

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Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
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Is climbing stairs useful for umbilical cord around the neck?

When there is a situation with the umbilical cord wrapped around the neck, pregnant women should absolutely not blindly try certain exercises, such as climbing stairs, which actually have no scientific basis. Doing so not only fails to alleviate the condition of the cord being wrapped but might even increase the baby's activity, leading to a more serious entanglement. During the mid-stage of pregnancy, pregnant women should pay attention to rest, avoid exhaustion, and sometimes the baby's movements might even resolve the wrapping of the cord. Therefore, it is important to take scientific care during pregnancy and follow the doctor's advice, and not to engage in any exercises on one's own.

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Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
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Can the umbilical cord unwrap itself after it has wrapped around the neck and entered the pelvis?

When the fetus has already engaged and there is nuchal cord occurrence, it is generally unlikely for the wrapping to unwind again. This is because once the fetus has engaged, the fetal position is fixed, and the fetus will no longer change its position, making the nuchal cord a more fixed condition. When dealing with nuchal cord, it is important to observe the number of loops and whether the tightness of the loops could impact the fetus. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly attend prenatal appointments at the hospital to monitor its developmental condition. If the nuchal cord loops just once around the neck, it usually does not affect the baby.

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Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
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Umbilical cord around the neck ultrasound manifestations

The impact of umbilical cord entanglement on the fetus is quite significant. If the entanglement is excessive and tight, it can lead to fetal hypoxia. Generally, fetuses with the umbilical cord wrapped around the neck once or draped on the neck do not show clinical symptoms. However, if the entanglement is tight, it can jeopardize fetal health. During an ultrasound examination, echoes can be seen on the fetus's neck where the umbilical cord is wrapped, and distinct pressure marks may appear on the skin. A single wrap around the neck appears as a U-shape, two wraps appear as a W-shape, and three wraps as a serrated shape.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhang Yin Xing
Obstetrics
1min 24sec home-news-image

How to prevent umbilical cord entanglement in late pregnancy

There are no effective prevention methods for nuchal cord, which is the most common form of umbilical cord entanglement where the cord wraps around the fetus's neck, limbs, or trunk. Nuchal cord occurs in 90% of these cases, frequently involving the cord wrapping around the neck once. This phenomenon can be observed in 20% of deliveries and is associated with factors such as an overly long umbilical cord, a small fetus, excessive amniotic fluid, and frequent fetal movements. An excessively long umbilical cord is mostly a physiological occurrence since the cord floats in the amniotic fluid and its actual length cannot be accurately measured, with no effective methods to prevent its occurrence. Excessive amniotic fluid and a small fetus are linked to certain pregnancy complications, such as diabetes-induced polyhydramnios and restricted fetal growth. Actively controlling blood sugar during pregnancy can prevent such issues. Frequent fetal movements are physiological for some pregnant women. Women who experience more frequent fetal movements throughout pregnancy are likely to encounter nuchal cord. Clinically, nuchal cord does not require special management unless it leads to obstructions in fetal descent, fetal distress, or variations in fetal heart rate. It does not impact delivery or fetal development.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
53sec home-news-image

Can you exercise with the umbilical cord around the neck?

When a nuchal cord occurs, one should not have too much psychological burden, as it is a fairly common situation. The prognosis should be determined based on the specific circumstances of the nuchal cord, including the number of loops and the tightness of the loops. If the cord wraps around once or if there is a loose knot, appropriate activities can be undertaken. However, if the wrapping is tight, or if there are multiple loops, one should regularly visit the hospital for prenatal check-ups to understand the safety of the fetus in the womb. In such cases, it is necessary to reduce activities to avoid increasing the risk of nuchal cord complications, which could cause fetal hypoxia or even suffocation.