The examination methods for tuberculosis are now quite numerous, but achieving a diagnosis is still relatively difficult. The most commonly used method is still chest imaging, mainly X-rays and CT scans. Additionally, there are bacteriological examinations, such as examining sputum or other samples like pleural effusion under a microscope after staining. Culturing Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with sputum being the most commonly used sample, followed by pleural effusions and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, is also common. A newer method is molecular biology examination, also known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA nucleic acid testing. Then there is the pathological examination of tuberculosis, commonly referred to as biopsy, which involves taking a small piece of tissue from the lesion for observation. Moreover, some new immunological tests have emerged, including the traditional tuberculin skin test, still relevant today, and the gamma interferon release assays, along with traditional tests like Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody tests. Additionally, some patients might require more invasive examinations, such as bronchoscopy, which allows direct observation of the trachea and bronchi and can be used for brush tests or biopsies at the lesion site.