Symptoms of endometrial polyps

Written by Yue Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on September 03, 2024
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The most common clinical symptom of endometrial polyps is vaginal bleeding, which manifests in the following ways: Some women may experience heavy menstrual flow with a large amount of blood clots. This is because most patients with endometrial polyps have excessive proliferation of the endometrial lining. When this excessively proliferated endometrium sheds during menstruation, it can result in a heavier flow. Additionally, some women may experience vaginal bleeding after their menstruation has ended. Typically, this bleeding is not heavy and is dark red in color. This could indicate the presence of endometrial polyps.

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The difference between endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer

Endometrial polyps are a benign condition, while endometrial cancer is a malignant tumor. Endometrial polyps are caused by localized excessive growth of the endometrium and can be either solitary or multiple, ranging in diameter from a few millimeters to several centimeters, and can be categorized as pedunculated or sessile. Polyps consist of endometrial glandular tissue, stroma, and blood vessels. They are benign and can be treated with timely curettage or endometrial polyp electroresection, followed by a pathological examination. In cases of endometrial cancer, it is necessary to promptly perform a hysterectomy. Depending on the pathological analysis, further radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be required.

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Are uterine polyps the same as cervical polyps?

Firstly, endometrial polyps are caused by localized excessive growth of the endometrium. Endometrial polyps can be multiple or single. Polyps consist of endometrial glands, stroma, or blood vessels, and are closely related to an excessively high distribution of estrogen levels. Furthermore, long-term use of hormonal medications and health supplements can lead to the development of endometrial polyps. Once endometrial polyps occur, it is advised to undergo a hysteroscopic examination at a hospital within three to seven days after the end of menstruation, and if necessary, proceed with hysteroscopic polypectomy surgery of the cervical endometrium. Cervical polyps are caused by inflammation of the cervix, resulting from localized polypoid hyperplasia of the cervix. Once cervical polyps are detected, further cervical cancer screening is needed. If the cervical cancer screening shows no abnormalities, cervical polypectomy should be performed, followed by a pathological examination after the surgery.

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Can endometrial polyps recur?

Endometrial polyps are a common gynecological condition. Generally, when detected, endometrial polyps need to be surgically removed. After treatment, there is still a chance of recurrence of endometrial polyps, although the chance is not particularly high. Some patients may have a higher chance of recurrence, which varies from person to person. If endometrial polyps recur, further surgical treatment may be necessary. Under normal circumstances, oral medication can be administered post-surgery to help possibly prevent the recurrence of endometrial polyps. (Please use medication under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Will uterine polyps cause bleeding during intercourse?

Endometrial polyps generally do not cause bleeding after sexual intercourse. However, bleeding after sexual intercourse can occur if there are polyps in the cervical canal. Clinically, endometrial polyps generally present with shorter menstrual cycles, occurring every 20-something days. The period duration is also typically longer; normally, a period lasts from three to seven days. In patients with endometrial polyps, the period can extend up to eight or nine days. Under such circumstances, endometrial polyps are generally suspected, and patients are often advised to visit a hospital for an ultrasound to examine the thickness of the endometrial lining and its echo characteristics, allowing for a definitive diagnosis of endometrial polyps. Endometrial polyps do not cause bleeding after sexual intercourse. Bleeding after intercourse is generally considered clinically if there are conditions such as cervical cancer, precancerous cervical conditions, cervical polyps, or other cervical alterations. Thus, if bleeding after intercourse occurs, it is crucial to undergo cervical cancer screening at a hospital.

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Symptoms of endometrial hyperplasia polyps

If endometrial hyperplasia and polyps are present, there may be an increase in menstrual flow and an extension of the menstrual cycle. This is because if many polyps grow on the endometrium, it will increase the surface area of the endometrium, leading to increased menstrual bleeding. Therefore, it is recommended that such patients should go to the hospital in time for examination and treatment. If there are many polyps affecting daily life and reproductive function, a hysteroscopic examination is necessary. Under hysteroscopy, endometrial polyps can also be removed. Therefore, it is advised to seek medical examination as soon as possible.