Theoretically, the current conscription system does not have strict restrictions on mild cases of pectus excavatum. However, obvious moderate or severe pectus excavatum, or sternums that are inwardly and backwardly concave, can significantly impact the function of both the heart and lungs by compressing them. This inward concavity can restrict the heart’s ability to fully expand, potentially causing complete deformation of the heart, or even prevent the heart’s valves from closing fully, leading to valve regurgitation. Such compromised cardiac and pulmonary functions are likely unable to withstand the physical demands experienced during military service. Therefore, for moderate and severe cases of pectus excavatum, we do not recommend enlisting in the military, although the current policy does not have clear restrictions on mild cases of pectus excavatum.