The defects in the atrial septum tend to enlarge as one ages, and with the enlargement of the atrial septal defect, the patient's condition will also gradually worsen. Of course, some small atrial septal defects may close gradually as one ages after birth. For atrial septal defects that cannot close, if they gradually enlarge, they will lead to symptoms like chest tightness and shortness of breath in patients and are likely to cause respiratory infections. As the condition progresses, it can lead to pulmonary hypertension and cause right heart failure. For atrial septal defects that cannot close, if there are indications for surgery, active surgical treatment should be provided to prevent the worsening of the condition.