Chronic renal failure inevitably has symptoms.

Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
Updated on September 29, 2024
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Patients with chronic kidney failure do not necessarily have symptoms, and the symptoms of each patient are not exactly the same. Chronic kidney failure refers to the damage to the kidneys by various chronic kidney diseases, eventually leading to the kidneys' inability to adequately excrete metabolic waste, causing the accumulation of water and metabolic waste in the body. This leads to disturbances in the patient's electrolytes and may also present clinical symptoms such as anemia and hypertension. However, not all patients feel discomfort, so chronic kidney failure is also known as the silent killer. If a patient undergoes a blood test, it will show an increase in blood creatinine and urea nitrogen, which is the only common feature among all patients with chronic kidney failure.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Why does chronic renal failure cause vomiting?

Patients with chronic renal failure who experience vomiting generally indicates that their condition has become very severe. Typically, from stage four of chronic kidney disease onwards, a large amount of metabolic waste accumulates in the body, and patients may have severe metabolic acidosis, among other issues. These conditions can cause edema of the gastrointestinal mucosa, and these metabolic wastes can also irritate the gastrointestinal tract, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Of course, besides these reasons, other gastrointestinal diseases such as chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, and even gastric cancer should also be ruled out.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Nephrology
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Chronic renal failure anemia treatment

Patients with chronic renal failure generally have anemia combined with stage three or above of chronic kidney disease (CKD). When the hemoglobin falls below 100 grams per liter, it is necessary to start treatment to correct anemia. At this point, relevant lab tests should be conducted to check for abnormalities in folate, vitamin B12, ferritin, and serum iron levels, and specific treatments should be administered accordingly. Treatments generally include iron supplements, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, folate, and vitamin B12 to help correct anemia.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Can people with chronic renal failure drink alcohol?

Patients with chronic renal failure should avoid drinking alcohol, as modern medicine has proven that alcohol is harmful to the human body and only causes damage. It can affect various systems, including the nervous system, respiratory system, circulatory system, and the metabolic system. Although the liver is the primary site for metabolizing alcohol, the byproducts of alcohol metabolism are ultimately excreted through urine, which increases the burden on the kidneys. Therefore, for patients with renal failure, drinking alcohol may lead to further progression of kidney damage. Moreover, when drinking, patients might consume a lot of high-protein and high-fat foods, which are also harmful to those with chronic renal failure.

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Written by Wu Ji
Nephrology
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Causes of Anemia in Chronic Renal Failure

The causes of anemia in chronic renal failure, also known as renal anemia, occur in chronic kidney disease and are related to chronic renal failure. There are multiple reasons for this anemia, such as the lack of raw materials for red blood cell production caused by chronic renal failure, including deficiencies in iron, folic acid, and vitamin B1, shortened lifespan of red blood cells, and blood loss including non-gastrointestinal blood loss. Moreover, uremic toxins including parathyroid hormone can suppress the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. However, the primary cause is the decreased production of erythropoietin by the kidneys during chronic renal failure.

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Written by Niu Yan Lin
Nephrology
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Diet for Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Patients with chronic kidney failure should first pay attention to a low-salt and low-fat diet, with daily salt intake less than six grams, and try to eat less salty food such as pickled vegetables and preserved products. Additionally, due to the impaired excretion of potassium and phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney failure, it is necessary to eat less high-phosphorus and high-potassium foods. Common high-phosphorus foods include various marinated meats and other processed foods, and common high-potassium foods include fruits such as bananas, peaches, mangoes, and vegetables like green vegetables and potatoes. At the same time, it is important to maintain a high-quality, low-protein diet. If dialysis treatment has not yet been started, protein intake should be controlled at 0.6 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. If dialysis treatment has already begun, the standards can be appropriately relaxed.