Treatment of Anemia in Diabetic Nephropathy

Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

Updated on September 21, 2024

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Compared to primary chronic nephritis, patients with diabetic nephropathy develop anemia earlier and more severely. The treatment for this type of anemia is divided into two aspects. Firstly, since it is anemia caused by renal lesions leading to a lack of erythropoietin, it is necessary to supplement erythropoietin, as well as iron and folic acid, which are raw materials for blood production, for the anemia caused by diabetic nephropathy. Additionally, patients with diabetic nephropathy are prone to malnutrition and should enhance nutritional support, especially by increasing the intake of high-quality animal protein.

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Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

51sec

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Late-stage symptoms of diabetic nephropathy

When patients with diabetic nephropathy reach the advanced stage, they actually already have severe renal failure. Prior to this, patients generally exhibit noticeable proteinuria. Continued progression of the disease will lead to the destruction of most of the renal tissues, causing renal failure. This condition is quite serious; patients often experience significant edema, even severe generalized edema. The accumulation of a large amount of fluid in the body leads to an increase in blood volume, and both the preload and afterload on the heart increase, often accompanied by symptoms of heart failure. When patients experience heart failure, they may find it impossible to lie flat and may experience chest tightness, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing after activity, potentially endangering their lives.

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Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

1min 1sec

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Is stage three diabetic nephropathy severe?

Stage three of diabetic nephropathy refers to patients who have persistent microalbuminuria, indicating a relatively mild state of the disease at this time. In fact, diabetic nephropathy is divided into five stages. During the first and second stages, patients generally do not exhibit specific symptoms clinically and may even test negative for proteinuria; however, an increase in kidney size and glomerular filtration rate may occur. By the third stage, patients begin to exhibit small or micro amounts of urinary albumin. The pathological damage to the kidneys at this stage is not considered particularly severe. Patients may experience hyalinization of small arteries and nodular lesions in the glomeruli. Within the staging of diabetic nephropathy, this does not constitute a particularly severe phase; however, the condition of the patients may continue to progress, leading to significant proteinuria and even renal failure.

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Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

53sec

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Can diabetic nephropathy with swollen feet be treated?

Diabetic nephropathy in the middle and later stages can cause edema, especially in patients with significant proteinuria or renal failure. Many patients can even experience generalized edema. For such patients, swollen feet and swelling in other parts of the body can be considered for appropriate use of diuretics to increase urine output and eliminate edema. However, generally, the extensive use of diuretics is not actively advocated because excessive diuresis can also lead to significant protein loss and even cause insufficient blood volume, affecting the blood supply to the kidneys. Nevertheless, some patients with severe conditions that cause pulmonary edema and heart failure may not respond well to diuretics. In such cases, dialysis ultrafiltration may be required to remove water, alleviate edema, and reduce cardiac stress.

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Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

1min 1sec

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Does diabetic nephropathy cause back pain?

Diabetic nephropathy generally does not cause symptoms of back pain. Diabetic nephropathy refers to patients with long-term hyperglycemia, typically those whose blood sugar has been elevated for ten years or more, causing damage to the small blood vessels. The kidneys, being rich in small blood vessels, undergo glomerular sclerosis. Early in the disease, patients experience an increased glomerular filtration rate. As the condition progresses, proteinuria gradually increases. When proteinuria occurs, patients may exhibit noticeable edema, and in some cases, patients may develop severe edema due to substantial proteinuria, leading to serious complications like pulmonary edema and heart failure, which manifest as respiratory difficulties and chest tightness. However, these conditions do not cause back pain, even though there is glomerular sclerosis, as patients do not feel any pain associated with it.

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Written by Zhou Qi

Nephrology

1min 5sec

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How should diabetic nephropathy patients drink water?

For any kidney disease, regardless of whether it is caused by diabetes or not, the patient's water intake needs to be carefully considered. Generally, a few key points should be adhered to: First, there should be no excess accumulation of water in the patient's body. The water intake should be excreted normally through the kidneys without accumulating too much water, as excessive accumulation can increase blood pressure and even lead to pulmonary edema or heart failure. Second, if the patient's urine output decreases, water intake should be limited but not excessively, to avoid affecting the blood supply to the kidneys. Ideally, urine output should be maintained between 1000 to 2500 milliliters. Water intake should depend on urine output; if urine output is high, the patient can drink more water, but if it is low, intake should be appropriately restricted. It's necessary to weigh oneself daily to monitor changes in weight; if a large amount of water accumulates, weight will gradually increase, and at this time, water intake should be restricted.