Cervical spondylosis is a syndrome characterized by degenerative changes in the cervical intervertebral discs accompanied by strain or trauma, leading to an imbalance in the dynamic and static forces of the cervical spine. This results in intervertebral disc herniation and protrusion, ligament calcification, and osteophyte formation, which in turn stimulates or compresses the cervical nerve roots, spinal cord, or blood vessels, causing a range of symptoms and signs. The cause lies in the cervical functional units, which are composed of two adjacent vertebral bodies, two facet joints, two uncinate joints, and the intervertebral disc. Due to the high mobility of the cervical spine, it is prone to degeneration, especially among those who engage in long-term sedentary work, have cervical trauma, or congenital cervical canal stenosis. The segments of the cervical spine that are most vulnerable to injury and most prone to disorders are typically C5-6, followed by C4-5, and then C6-7. The clinical manifestations vary depending on the pathology.