How is hydronephrosis detected?

Written by Li Liu Sheng
Nephrology
Updated on December 12, 2024
00:00
00:00

The kidneys have a very strong compensatory ability. In the early stages of hydronephrosis, the amount of fluid may not be large, or the duration may not be long, and usually, the patient may have no symptoms. Hydronephrosis is often discovered during health examinations or through ultrasound or CT scans performed during hospital stays.

Of course, if the hydronephrosis persists for too long and the volume is very large, the patient can gradually feel discomfort or a distended sensation in the lower back or upper abdomen. Moreover, if the hydronephrosis is caused by kidney stones, the patient often experiences severe back pain, and there might even be visible blood in the urine.

Hydronephrosis can also lead to symptoms of urinary tract infections such as frequent urination, urgent urination, and painful urination. Prolonged hydronephrosis can lead to a decline in kidney function, resulting in symptoms like fatigue, loss of appetite, and poor overall health. Therefore, it is crucial for patients to undergo regular ultrasound examinations of the kidneys to detect hydronephrosis early.

Other Voices

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
46sec home-news-image

How is hydronephrosis treated?

The treatment of hydronephrosis often requires surgery. Decisions about diagnosis and treatment plans should be based on clinical symptoms, the duration of the obstruction, the location of the obstruction, and whether there is an infection. Since hydronephrosis is typically caused by a pathological factor that blocks the ureter, surgery is often necessary to remove the obstruction in order to address the hydronephrosis and prevent further damage to kidney function. The principle of the surgery is that if the obstruction is minor, a simple corrective surgery may suffice. However, if the dilation of the ureter and renal pelvis is very significant, a reanastomosis of the ureter and renal pelvis might be needed.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
1min home-news-image

What is the best treatment for hydronephrosis?

The so-called hydronephrosis often occurs due to some factor blocking the urinary system, causing urine to not be excreted normally. The most common cause is urinary system stones, but it can also be due to issues like tumors or benign prostatic hyperplasia. The treatment for stones depends on the size of the stone. Stones smaller than 5 millimeters in diameter can often pass naturally. If the stone is 7 to 15 millimeters in diameter, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is typically used. If stones in the lower mid-ureter do not respond well to medication, retrograde removal under cystoscopy can also be performed. For some patients who have had a long-standing obstruction, renal function may already be impaired. If the obstruction cannot be relieved, surgeries such as creating a urinary diversion can be performed. This includes procedures like bladder fistulation, pyelostomy, or percutaneous ureterostomy, among others.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
58sec home-news-image

Is hydronephrosis with hematuria serious?

Whether hematuria in patients with hydronephrosis is serious cannot actually be determined by the amount of blood in the urine. It is important to identify the cause and assess kidney function, because hydronephrosis can lead to serious consequences, mainly kidney failure. If the hydronephrosis persists for a long time, it can compress the renal cortex and cause kidney shrinkage, leading to chronic kidney failure. The dangers of hematuria mainly include: first, it may cause significant bleeding, leading to anemia. Second, this type of hematuria could be caused by certain conditions, such as bleeding caused by a tumor in the urinary system, which is quite serious. Whereas bleeding caused by urinary tract infections or urinary system stones, in terms of the nature of the cause, is not considered very serious. However, significant bleeding can also lead to severe anemia and even shock, which would be more serious.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
53sec home-news-image

symptoms of hydronephrosis infection

In cases of hydronephrosis, urinary tract infections are common, and these infections primarily manifest as pyelonephritis. The presence of fluid in the kidneys indicates that urine cannot be excreted smoothly, leading to an obstruction in the urinary tract. Therefore, bacteria can easily multiply in this area because normal urine, if it can be excreted smoothly, also serves to flush the urinary system, preventing the growth of bacteria. Thus, when fluid accumulates, pyelonephritis can easily occur, with the main symptoms being back pain and fever. If cystitis is also present, the patient will experience symptoms such as frequent urination, urgent urination, and painful urination. Hydronephrosis may be caused by issues such as urinary system stones or tumors, which can also lead to clinical symptoms like back pain and hematuria.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Chen Feng
Urology
1min 13sec home-news-image

How to relieve nausea caused by hydronephrosis?

Hydronephrosis with nausea can be caused by various reasons, so alleviating nausea symptoms requires specific analysis based on the specific cause. Patients with hydronephrosis often seen in hospital beds are mostly those with ureteral stones. When the stone is lodged in the ureter, the patient will experience an obstruction of urine outflow, leading to hydronephrosis. Moreover, a stone stuck in the ureter can cause renal colic, manifested as back pain, and may also be accompanied by symptoms of nausea and vomiting. In such cases, treatment methods depend on the size of the stone; if the stone is relatively small, it can often be passed naturally with increased water intake and conservative treatment. If the stone is large, it generally requires surgical removal. Hydronephrosis can also result from prolonged obstruction leading to impaired kidney function and uremia. In these situations, it's usually necessary to promptly relieve the urinary obstruction, maintain urethral patency, and, if the patient has elevated blood creatinine levels, employ dialysis or other methods to bring creatinine back to reasonable levels.