Symptoms of recurrent rheumatic fever

Written by Yang Ya Meng
Rheumatology
Updated on September 19, 2024
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Symptoms of recurrent rheumatic fever in the early stages may include fever and sore throat, similar to streptococcal infections. Later, patients may experience joint pain, some may develop ring-shaped erythema on the skin, and others may develop subcutaneous nodules. Severe cases may even exhibit symptoms such as carditis and chorea. If a previous rheumatic fever patient shows these symptoms, the possibility of recurrence should be considered. Treatment involves using antibiotics to eliminate streptococcal infections. Additionally, anti-inflammatory pain relievers should be used to manage joint pain. In severe cases, such as those with cardiac inflammation, corticosteroids may also be considered. (Please use medication under the guidance of a physician.)

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Written by Yang Ya Meng
Rheumatology
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What should be paid attention to in the diet for rheumatic fever?

For patients with rheumatism, the general dietary rule is to follow a light diet, reduce spicy and greasy foods, and avoid foods that are too warm and dry. Specifically, vegetables like celery, coriander, leeks, seaweed, and shiitake mushrooms should be reduced in consumption because they may cause photosensitivity and worsen rheumatism. At the same time, meats such as lamb, dog meat, and beef are considered too warming and nourishing, and may also trigger the worsening of rheumatism, so their consumption should also be minimized. Similarly, seafood like shrimp, crab, and sea cucumber, which are high in protein, might cause allergic reactions in patients with rheumatism, so their intake should be minimized as well.

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Written by Yang Ya Meng
Rheumatology
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Treatment of acute rheumatic fever

The treatment of rheumatic fever includes general treatment, where patients are advised to rest in bed. The second is the use of antibiotics, aimed at eliminating streptococcal infections to prevent recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever. The third is anti-rheumatic treatment, with the preferred choice being non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as sustained-release diclofenac sodium tablets. If the patient's rheumatic fever affects the heart, corticosteroid treatment is also required. In addition, to assist in the reduction of corticosteroids, some immunosuppressants need to be added, such as methotrexate and leflunomide, which help control the condition. For the treatment of complications of rheumatic disease, such as concurrent lung infection, antibiotic treatment should also be considered. (The use of medication should be under the guidance of a professional doctor.)

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Written by Yang Ya Meng
Rheumatology
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The Difference Between Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Most patients with rheumatoid arthritis primarily exhibit symptoms related to the joints. Mainly affected are the symmetrical small joints of both hands, including both wrists, both palmar digital joints, and both proximal interphalangeal joints. In addition, patients with rheumatoid arthritis often have elevated rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP antibodies, and AKA antibodies. During the acute phase of joint disease, there is a marked increase in inflammatory markers, which is a major manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with rheumatic fever, aside from joint pain, may also have heart valve disorders, such as mitral stenosis, and some patients may develop skin lesions, commonly erythema nodosum. Most importantly, patients with rheumatic conditions often show a significant increase in anti-streptolysin O.

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Written by Yang Ya Meng
Rheumatology
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How to treat rheumatic fever arthritis?

Rheumatic fever joint pain initially can be treated with anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications. The most commonly used are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as slow-release diclofenac sodium tablets. Since rheumatic fever is triggered by a streptococcal infection, if the streptococcus is not controlled, joint pain may reoccur. Therefore, fundamentally, an adequate course of anti-infection treatment is also needed. In the acute phase of rheumatic fever, antibiotics such as penicillin or second-generation cephalosporins can be used for a 10-14 day treatment. Subsequently, treatment may require sequential benzathine penicillin for possibly up to six months or more than a year. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Li Jing
Rheumatology
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What are the symptoms of rheumatic fever?

Rheumatic fever is a delayed, non-suppurative sequelae caused by a streptococcus infection. It primarily presents as arthritis, heart valve disease, chorea, subcutaneous nodules, and erythema, and some cases also exhibit fever. It mainly occurs in adolescents and children aged 5 to 14. It is primarily related to symptoms that appear after an upper respiratory tract streptococcus infection. If the individual has good resistance, symptoms may only resemble those of a cold, such as sore throat, runny nose, and fever, and these symptoms can be relieved after anti-infection treatment without any residual sequelae. However, people with weaker resistance may develop these sequelae after an upper respiratory tract infection, including joint pain and heart valve disease. Therefore, it is crucial to receive proper treatment during the acute phase to prevent any lasting sequelae.