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Li Fang Fang
Hematology
About me
After graduation, I have been working in the Hematology Department at Kaifeng Central Hospital, engaging in clinical work. I have gained certain clinical experience in common diseases in the field of hematology, and have also assisted other clinical departments in auxiliary treatments.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in common diseases of hematology, such as leukemia, hemophilia, anemia, lymphoma, thrombocytopenia, tetanus, hypoglycemia, aplastic anemia, neonatal hemorrhage, vitamin deficiencies, and other autoimmune diseases.
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Is aplastic anemia serious?
Whether aplastic anemia is severe depends on the specific circumstances of the aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia can be divided into acute aplastic anemia and chronic aplastic anemia. Among them, acute aplastic anemia has a sudden onset, more severe clinical symptoms, and a higher mortality rate, so it is relatively more severe. Chronic aplastic anemia has a slower onset, and the degree of decrease in blood cells is relatively mild, also making it less severe. However, in cases of acute aplastic anemia, if intensive immunotherapy is administered, the effectiveness can reach 60%-70%, and it can be cured through hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Can anemic people donate blood?
Patients with anemia cannot donate blood. After donating blood, due to the reduction of blood volume, it may worsen anemia and cause symptoms such as dizziness, excessive sweating, nausea, vomiting, and other manifestations of low blood pressure. In severe cases, it can even induce acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents, so patients with anemia cannot donate blood. Clinically, the requirements for blood donors include not being anemic, weighing more than 45 kilograms, and being free of infectious diseases.
What indicators are used to diagnose anemia?
To determine if someone is anemic, we should look at the red blood cell count and hemoglobin level in a complete blood count. Currently, hemoglobin level is the commonly used indicator clinically. Normal hemoglobin levels are 110~150g/L for women and 120~160g/L for men. Anemia is diagnosed when the hemoglobin level falls below the normal range. Based on the amount of hemoglobin, anemia can be classified into very severe, severe, moderate, or mild. Hemoglobin levels above 90g/L indicate mild anemia, levels between 60~90g/L indicate moderate anemia, levels between 30~60g/L indicate severe anemia, and levels below 30g/L indicate very severe anemia.
How to test for thalassemia?
Thalassemia is a genetic disease, a hereditary condition, caused by abnormal production of globin in hemoglobin, leading to hemolytic anemia. Patients with thalassemia should first undergo a routine blood test. If the routine blood test indicates anemia or even if there is no anemia but the red blood cells are very small, it suggests a high possibility of thalassemia. At this point, further screening for thalassemia genes should be conducted to confirm the diagnosis. Once thalassemia is definitively diagnosed, it can be classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the genotype.
What to eat for anemia in thalassemia
Thalassemia belongs to genetic diseases, hereditary diseases. The cause of the disease is due to genetic and chromosomal abnormalities that lead to congenital defects in the quantity or quality of globin production, resulting in thalassemia. Therefore, no matter what thalassemia patients eat, it cannot help in blood replenishment. For thalassemia patients with severe anemia symptoms, the primary treatment method is red blood cell transfusion support therapy, and oral medications are ineffective. It is important to note that thalassemia patients who undergo repeated red blood cell transfusions need chelation therapy.
How is acute leukemia chemotherapeutically treated?
Acute leukemia is first divided into two main categories: one is acute myeloid leukemia, and the other is acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The chemotherapy regimens for these two types are different. Among them, acute myeloid leukemia is further divided into eight types from M0 to M7, among which type M3 can be treated with oral targeted chemotherapy drugs, while other types of acute myeloid leukemia require chemotherapy for treatment. The other main category is acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which also requires chemotherapy for treatment.
Dietary Considerations for Thalassemia
Thalassemia, also known as hemoglobin synthesis disorder anemia, is a genetic disease that falls under the category of genetic disorders. It is caused by abnormalities in the genes related to globin, leading to a deficiency in globin quantity, which in turn causes thalassemia. Since thalassemia is a genetic disorder, there are no specific dietary considerations. The severity of thalassemia is also defined by the number of affected genes; the fewer the affected genes, the milder the condition.
Aplastic anemia is caused by how?
The etiology of aplastic anemia is unclear. A more classical theory is the seed, soil, and bug theory. The seed theory suggests that patients with this condition have reduced hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, leading to bone marrow failure. The soil theory refers to abnormal microenvironments in the bone marrow of patients, which leads to an abnormal growth environment for stem cells and consequently hematopoietic disturbances. The bug theory, which is commonly referred to in clinical settings as immune dysfunction, plays a major role in the etiology of this condition.
What is thalassemia?
Thalassemia, also known as hemoglobin synthesis disorder anemia, refers to a group of hemolytic diseases caused by abnormal hemoglobin genes resulting in abnormal hemoglobin protein or quantity. Thalassemia can be divided into α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia, depending on the type of hemoglobin affected. Thalassemia can vary in severity; individuals with mild thalassemia can live for a long time and may not require regular red blood cell transfusion support in daily life, whereas those with severe thalassemia may die shortly after birth.
The difference between iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia
Iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia have similarities in that both are classified as microcytic hypochromic anemia. However, iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia are two distinct diseases that require further differential diagnosis. Iron deficiency anemia is caused by iron deficiency, often due to chronic blood loss, and it can be cured if the cause is removed and iron supplementation treatment is provided. Thalassemia is a genetic disease with hereditary factors, and there is no particularly effective treatment; iron supplementation is ineffective. Treatment mainly involves red blood cell transfusions and is not curable.