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23
Guan Hai Fang
Urology
About me
Graduated from Shandong First Medical University, master's degree student, specializing in urology, engaged in clinical work for 15 years.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of common urological diseases, kidney stones, bladder stones, ureteral stones, renal tumors, renal cysts, varicocele, hydrocele, testicular tumors, phimosis, and foreskin redundancy.
Voices
How long can uremia last?
Currently, kidney transplantation is the best method for treating uremia, but if a kidney source cannot be found or the financial costs are unaffordable, dialysis can be administered. Advances in dialysis technology mean that, under economically permissible circumstances and with a positive personal attitude, it can potentially extend life by several years, and there are often reports of cases extending up to a decade or more. Uremia results from kidney failure, and generally speaking, there is still no way to cure it intrinsically, so kidney transplantation should be pursued whenever possible.
How is bladder cancer diagnosed?
Firstly, imaging examinations such as ultrasound can be conducted, which if reveal tumors larger than 0.5 cm can serve as an initial screening for patients; IVU (Intravenous Urography) can show larger tumors as filling defects. Cystoscopy can also be performed by inserting a cystoscope to directly examine the bladder's shape, size, etc. If it appears round, with clear boundaries and without erosion, it is generally benign; if it has a cauliflower-like or seaweed-like appearance, it is generally malignant bladder cancer. Urine tests can also be conducted; cells from tumors found in fresh urine can lead to cytological examination of urine as an initial screening. Additionally, if conditions permit, a physical examination including a bimanual examination of the bladder can be done to preliminarily assess the tumor's size, the extent of invasion, depth, and its relationship with the pelvic wall.
Is bladder cancer contagious?
Bladder cancer is not contagious, so there is no need to worry about that. Bladder cancer occurs when there is a cancerous transformation of bladder tissue, leading to the formation of bladder tumors. If the tumors are malignant, they are generally termed bladder cancer. Causes of bladder cancer can include long-term exposure to certain carcinogens, such as occupations involving dyes, leather, or paintwork. Another carcinogenic factor is smoking, which is related to about one-third of bladder cancer cases. Chronic infection or prolonged irritation by foreign bodies can also increase the risk of bladder cancer, as seen in cases with bladder stones, bladder diverticula, or chronic cystitis.
What can you eat with urethral stones?
It is recommended that patients eat more diuretic foods and fruits, such as apples, pears, peaches, oranges, and especially watermelon, which can produce a large amount of urine, flush the urethra, and possibly carry out small stones. Also, it is important to drink plenty of water every day, more than two liters, especially before going to bed—at least 500 milliliters—so that the urine volume is greater the next morning, making it easier to flush out the stones. Furthermore, patients are advised not to eat spicy and irritating foods, not to drink alcohol, especially strong spirits, and not to eat seafood, as urinary stones can easily lead to symptoms of urinary infection, and consuming these spicy and irritating foods can worsen the symptoms of infection.
What is cystitis?
Cystitis, simply put, is inflammation of the bladder and can be divided into acute bacterial cystitis and chronic bacterial cystitis. Acute cystitis typically affects women more often due to the shorter female urethra. Infections can occur following sexual intercourse, catheterization, poor personal hygiene, or reduced resistance to bacteria, such as during a cold, which might lead to an ascending infection. Symptoms are generally most pronounced at the superficial bladder, particularly near the internal urethral orifice and the trigone of the bladder. Chronic cystitis often develops from an acute upper urinary tract infection or through chronic infection and may also be triggered or followed by certain lower urinary tract conditions, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, chronic prostatitis, urethral stricture, bladder stones, hymenal fusion at the urethral opening, or paraurethral gland inflammation. It is generally characterized by persistent frequent urination, urgency, painful urination, and discomfort in the suprapubic bladder area.
Where is there a specialty for urinary incontinence?
Generally speaking, urinary incontinence falls under the category of urology, though some aspects could also be seen by specialists in men's health, who can effectively treat symptoms of urinary incontinence. Generally, it is recommended that patients seek examination and treatment in public hospitals, as the treatment provided in private hospitals is often not as reliable. For patients with urinary incontinence, it is advisable to consult the urology department if visiting a hospital. The urology department primarily deals with diseases of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Typically, urinary incontinence involves issues with the urethra or bladder, which can lead to incontinence. Therefore, it is advisable for patients to visit a reputable public hospital and consult the urology department.
Can prostatic calculi cause hematuria?
Patients with prostate stones can have symptoms of hematuria. Prostate stones can be simply classified as exogenous, endogenous, or primary, forming within the prostate cells and acini. Many patients experience local pain, and some also suffer from urinary symptoms such as dysuria, urgency, and frequency. Hematuria is the presence of abnormal red blood cells in urine, visible under high magnification with more than or equal to three red blood cells, qualifying as hematuria. Some patients may find blood in their urine during the second urination after experiencing colic pain, attributed to red blood cells that have not yet entered the bladder after the first passage of stones. Patients with prostate stones may experience urinary tract irritation signs, along with urgency, dysuria, and possibly hematuria.
What is good to eat for prostate stones?
People with prostate stones should avoid eating persimmons, especially the seeds. This is because persimmon seeds contain tannins which can easily form bonds in the stomach and intestines. Once entering the bloodstream, they can lead to the formation of clots, so it's advised not to eat persimmons. Additionally, it is important to drink plenty of water and consume fruits and vegetables that promote urination, such as watermelons. It is also advisable to avoid eating hot pot and drinking strong spirits like Baijiu. Prostate stones can potentially cause infections, which may not be immediately noticeable. However, consuming alcohol, seafood, or hot pot can aggravate these infections, leading to more severe inflammation.
What department is for uremia?
Patients with uremia are generally recommended to consult nephrology or urology departments. Uremia primarily results from the obstruction of toxic metabolic waste excretion, characterized by the accumulation of excessive protein metabolism products in the body, such as urea nitrogen and creatinine. This occurs due to amino acid metabolic disorders, leading to a reduction in essential amino acids, and consequently, symptoms of uremia manifest. Therefore, in the diet of uremic patients, it is important to restrict protein intake, particularly focusing on high-amino acid foods, mainly essential amino acids. It is generally advisable to adhere to a low-protein diet, with about 20 grams of protein supplied daily to alleviate the burden on the kidneys. Hence, choosing potassium-containing foods is crucial; if urine output is below 1000 milliliters, low-potassium foods should be selected to avoid consuming high-phosphorus foods like animal organs and brains, preventing an increase in blood phosphorus levels. Moreover, strict restrictions should be imposed on irritant foods, such as alcohol and chili peppers.
Is it easy to treat kidney stones?
If kidney stones are treated using extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, the procedure depends on the size and location of the stones, among other factors. Whether the stones can be effectively expelled after the procedure also varies from person to person, but generally, it tends to be successful. Kidney stones are caused by the accumulation of crystalline substances in the kidneys, and there are many reasons for the formation of kidney stones, including diet, genetics, environment, occupation, and other factors. The specific cause can only be confirmed after the stone is removed for pathological analysis. Generally, when the stones are relatively small, such as less than 0.5 centimeters, it is advisable to drink more water and undergo some important auxiliary treatments. Under the guidance of a physician, medication can be used as needed. For stones measuring 0.5 to 2 centimeters, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is required to break the stones and then expel them. If the stone exceeds 2 centimeters, surgical treatment is generally necessary.