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Yao Li Qin
Pediatrics
About me
Practicing physician, graduated from the Department of Pediatrics with a bachelor's degree from university, has been working in pediatric internal medicine for twenty-five years.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in common pediatric diseases such as colds, pneumonia, diarrhea, eczema, neonatal jaundice, infant feeding, and more.
Voices
How can a child recover quickly from a cold?
Children's colds are mostly viral infections, and viral infections can heal themselves. Therefore, when a child catches a cold, we should first let the child rest plenty, drink lots of water, and ensure they get enough sleep. If the child has noticeable cold symptoms, you can give them cold granules for symptomatic treatment of the cold. Also, maintain indoor air humidity, and keep the home temperature appropriate, generally between 18-23℃, with about 60% humidity. Under these conditions, a child's cold can recover quickly. Do not let children in contact with adults who have a cold during their cold period, do not let children play outside, and certainly do not allow children to engage in strenuous activities. (Please follow your doctor's medical advice regarding medicines.)
Symptoms of hand, foot, and mouth disease
Hand, foot, and mouth disease is caused by an intestinal virus infection. It primarily manifests as a disseminated rash of maculopapules or vesicular papules on the hands, feet, mouth, and buttocks. The main symptoms of hand, foot, and mouth disease start with a fever in children, accompanied by a sore throat, reluctance to eat, and some children may have mild cough and runny nose. During a physical examination, small vesicles can be found on the oral mucosa, or they may have already ulcerated into shallow ulcers. Subsequently, rashes appear on the hands and feet, starting as maculopapules and slowly transforming into vesicular papules, about 3 to 7mm in size, with a firm base. The skin of the vesicle is slightly thicker, surrounded by erythema, and the rash is mostly located at the extremities. Sometimes, it can extend to the arms, legs, buttocks, and perineum, showing a centrifugal distribution. The number of rashes is relatively small, typically ranging from a few to several dozen. Most of them resolve on their own in 2 to 3 days without scaling, scarring, or pigmentation. Vesicles or ulcers in the mouth mostly heal within a week. Most cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease have a short duration and mild condition, with generally good prognosis.
Pediatric intussusception should see which department?
Pediatric intussusception is a surgical condition, so it is of course treated by pediatric surgery. When a child shows persistent crying and abdominal pain, along with bloody stools, there is a high suspicion of intussusception, and they should see a pediatric surgeon. A professional pediatric surgeon will conduct a comprehensive physical examination of the child. If intussusception is suspected, an air enema should be performed under the guidance of X-ray imaging. Once intussusception is confirmed, conservative treatment is initially attempted. If conservative treatment fails, surgical treatment is required. Therefore, based on the above, pediatric intussusception definitely requires consultation with pediatric surgery.
How to treat infantile seborrheic dermatitis?
Infantile seborrheic dermatitis is also a type of eczema, which is a common skin condition in children and is categorized as atopic dermatitis. The treatment principles for seborrheic dermatitis are the same as for other types of eczema: first, the affected skin must be cleaned thoroughly, and then a thick layer of moisturizer should be applied. For severe cases of seborrheic dermatitis, it is recommended to use about 250g of moisturizer per week, so a thick layer should be applied daily to keep the skin moist. Additionally, depending on the situation, medications such as topical creams for treating pediatric eczema, like desonide cream, may be used. In instances where the infantile seborrheic dermatitis has formed a thick, yellow crust, local application of tea oil or olive oil can be helpful. This should be left on the affected area for about an hour before washing off with a shower gel, followed by moisturizing the cleaned area. With the aforementioned treatments, seborrheic dermatitis can generally be well-controlled. Furthermore, infants who consume formula might need amino acid formula or hydrolyzed protein formula depending on the condition. If the child is breastfed, the mother should avoid dairy, meat, nuts, seafood, and alcoholic beverages.
What are the treatment methods for children's dental caries?
If children have dental caries, it is crucial to treat them actively, even if the caries are on primary teeth, timely repair is necessary. Once a child's teeth begin to erupt, it is important to start brushing their teeth and maintaining good oral hygiene. If caries have already developed, take the child to a pediatric dental clinic for tooth repair. This is especially true for the back molars, which, even though they may be replaced at the age of six, still need to be repaired throughout the process. Otherwise, it will affect the eruption and alignment of the permanent teeth later on. Therefore, if children develop dental caries, it is essential to visit a hospital as soon as possible for dental treatment, and once all the molars are in place, fissure sealants should be applied.
Is pediatric nephrotic syndrome contagious?
Pediatric nephrotic syndrome is a clinical syndrome characterized by increased glomerular filtration membrane permeability due to various causes, leading to the loss of a large amount of protein from plasma through urine. Its main manifestations are: 1. Massive proteinuria, which is the most basic pathophysiological change in nephrotic syndrome and a necessary condition for diagnosis. 2. Hypoalbuminemia. 3. Hyperlipidemia. 4. Significant generalized edema. Nephrotic syndrome is not contagious, so pediatric nephrotic syndrome is not infectious. Contact with children with nephrotic syndrome will not result in contracting the syndrome, so parents can be assured on this matter.
What is the cause of a child's diarrhea being watery?
Diarrhea is characterized by an increase in the frequency of a child's bowel movements and a change in the nature of the stool. When children have diarrhea, their stool can be watery, often caused by rotavirus infection resulting in seasonal diarrhea. The stool may resemble egg drop soup and can even be sprayed out. In such cases, it is recommended to administer montmorillonite powder and probiotics to the child, as well as to supplement with oral rehydration salts. For children with moderate to severe dehydration, intravenous rehydration is necessary to correct dehydration. Another scenario involves diarrhea caused by invasive bacterial infections in children, where the stool is also watery. Symptomatic treatment and correction of dehydration are required in such cases. If systemic bacterial infection symptoms are present, antibiotics should be administered under the guidance of a hospital doctor. This is mainly because the bacterial or viral invasion affects the intestinal mucosa, causing changes in osmotic pressure within the intestinal cavity, leading to the occurrence of watery stools. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)
Can umbilical hernia be vaccinated against?
After the birth of a child, it is necessary to vaccinate on schedule. There are some situations where vaccination is not possible. When a child has an umbilical hernia, it means that there is a protrusion at the navel, with abdominal contents pushing through a weak spot around the navel, forming an umbilical hernia. Umbilical hernias in children do not affect the vaccination of various vaccines, so parents can take their children to the local vaccination department to get vaccinated on schedule. At the same time, try to avoid letting the child cry loudly, as most umbilical hernias in children can heal by themselves within two years. Only more severe umbilical hernias may require surgical treatment. Therefore, parents can rest assured and take their children for vaccinations on time, as the umbilical hernia does not affect vaccination.
Does neonatal jaundice require medication?
Neonatal jaundice is divided into physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice. Physiological jaundice appears two to three days after birth, peaks around the fifth or sixth day, and then gradually subsides, so there is no need for medication in this case. If it is neonatal pathological jaundice, merely taking medication does not solve the problem; this requires treatment with blue light therapy. At the same time, it is important to identify the cause of the jaundice and treat it accordingly. In such cases, medication is actually not necessary. Therefore, it is crucial to first determine whether neonatal jaundice is physiological or pathological. Physiological jaundice requires no intervention, while pathological jaundice necessitates hospital treatment. Regarding the increasingly common breastfeeding jaundice, medication is generally not needed; monitoring of the jaundice in the child is essential, however. If the jaundice level continues to rise and exceeds 15 mg/dl, blue light therapy is also required. If the condition is not severe, exposing the child to more sunlight and waiting for the jaundice to subside naturally is sufficient.
Causes of Baby Rash
Infantile roseola, also known as roseola infantum, is a common acute exanthematous infectious disease in infants and young children, mostly occurring under the age of two, with a peak incidence between 7 to 13 months of age. It is rare in children younger than three months and older than four years. The disease primarily occurs as sporadic infections, followed by lasting immunity, with occasional second occurrences. The main cause of roseola in infants is the herpes virus, specifically human herpesvirus types 6 and 7, which are the main pathogens. Other viruses, such as Coxsackievirus A16, adenovirus, and parainfluenza virus, can also cause roseola in infants.