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Zhu Dan Hua
Gastroenterology
About me
Hunan Provincial People's Hospital attending physician.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of common liver, gallbladder, and pancreatic diseases.
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Clinical manifestations of upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding typically present with vomiting blood or bleeding from the stool. Of course, if the bleeding amount is small, there may be no other discomfort. However, if the bleeding is significant, symptoms may include dizziness, fatigue, chest tightness, and palpitations related to low blood volume. Some patients might also experience abdominal discomfort, such as abdominal pain, bloating, or even indigestion. For those suspected of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, it is advisable to further complete blood tests, stool analysis, and electrocardiograms. It is necessary to promptly carry out a gastroscopy when needed to clarify the cause of the bleeding, and consider if it is due to ulcers or vascular malformations. In the early stages of treatment, symptomatic management should be prioritized, and patients are advised to actively rehydrate to improve symptoms of low blood volume and to transfuse red blood cells if necessary to correct anemia. Once the cause is identified, causative treatment should be added, such as the use of acid-suppressing and gastric-protecting drugs for bleeding associated with peptic ulcers. (The use of medications should be under the guidance of a doctor.)
Can stomach ulcers cause bleeding?
Gastric ulcers with bleeding are relatively common in clinical practice, and bleeding is a common complication of gastric ulcers, so it is considered that gastric ulcers can lead to bleeding. The typical clinical manifestation of a gastric ulcer is abdominal pain. Of course, gastrointestinal bleeding is a common complication, generally presenting as vomiting blood or passing bloody stools, with a considerable amount of bleeding leading to vomiting blood in patients. The diagnosis of gastric ulcers relies on gastroscopy. Therefore, in clinical practice, if patients seek medical advice due to abdominal pain or gastrointestinal bleeding, and gastric ulcers are suspected, we recommend that patients promptly complete a gastroscopy to assess the condition. When patients with gastric ulcers experience bleeding, it is advisable for them to fast and intensify treatment with oral stomach-protecting drugs. Of course, if the blood pressure is low and vital signs are unstable, some medications to replenish blood volume might be added, and if necessary, surgical operations to stop the bleeding may be performed.
Emergency measures for upper gastrointestinal bleeding
The treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding temporarily focuses on fasting and symptomatic fluid replacement. If the patient exhibits significant anemia, actively transfusing red blood cells to correct the anemia is advised. It is recommended that the patient rests in bed, with heart monitoring, blood pressure, and pulse being monitored. As for medications, acid-suppressing, stomach-protecting, and hemostatic drugs may initially be chosen for observation. Once the vital signs and condition have stabilized, it is important to promptly complete routine blood tests, electrocardiograms, and gastroscopy. Among these, gastroscopy is the most crucial diagnostic method, as it can clarify the cause and nature of the bleeding, such as gastric ulcer bleeding, gastric cancer bleeding, etc. Treatment plans vary depending on the cause; if the bleeding is suspected to be due to peptic ulcer disease, medication support is generally the first choice. If the bleeding is suspected to be from malignant transformation of gastric cancer, surgical intervention is typically necessary.
How to check for esophagitis?
In clinical practice, the diagnosis of esophagitis mainly relies on gastroscopy. Therefore, it is generally believed that patients with esophagitis are advised to undergo a comprehensive gastroscopy to confirm the diagnosis. Patients with esophagitis usually consult the gastroenterology department, presenting typically with symptoms like acid reflux and heartburn. Some patients may also experience nausea, belching, or dysphagia. Heartburn typically manifests as a burning pain in the chest or esophageal area, occurring episodically and generally related to diet, with episodes more commonly occurring after meals. The diagnosis of esophagitis relies on gastroscopy. Treatment options include dietary adjustments and selecting appropriate medications. Dietary recommendations involve consuming easily digestible and clean foods, avoiding overeating, and cultivating good living habits. Medications can include acid reducers, mucosal protectants, and agents that improve gastrointestinal motility. (The use of medications should be under the guidance of a doctor.)
Does gastric ulcer cause vomiting?
Gastric ulcers are a common disease in gastroenterology, especially prevalent among outpatient clients. The symptoms of gastric ulcers vary widely, and some patients may not show any symptoms, only presenting with a decrease in appetite, which can lead to nausea and vomiting. Common symptoms of gastric ulcers include nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, and even a decrease in appetite. The abdominal pain is typically felt in the upper abdomen, can worsen after eating, and may resolve on its own without fever. However, if a gastric ulcer is accompanied by bloody stools, especially black stools or even vomiting blood, it is recommended that the patient seek further treatment at a local hospital. Therefore, for patients with gastric ulcers who experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, it is suggested to provide protective gastric treatment, typically lasting four to eight weeks.
Symptoms of gastroenteritis and cold
Gastroenteritis and the common cold generally manifest as two types of symptoms in clinical settings. The first type includes symptoms caused by upper respiratory tract infections. The second type involves gastrointestinal symptoms. Common symptoms of upper gastrointestinal tract infections include fever, fatigue, dry cough, coughing, sore throat, runny nose, and itchy throat, etc., typically lasting about a week. These symptoms are usually nonspecific and similar to those of a typical upper respiratory tract infection. The second type of symptoms generally involves gastrointestinal issues, presenting as abdominal discomfort, bloating, leg pain, and abnormal stool. Clinically, abnormal stools are often looser and more frequent, but typically do not involve bloody stools. These symptoms are generally not severe and can be observed.
Is hot compress good for gastritis?
Gastritis is a common disease in clinical practice and is most frequently seen in gastroenterology departments. Patients often experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and belching. While local heat application can alleviate some symptoms, it does not address the underlying issue. Gastritis is generally considered to be inflammation of the stomach caused by various factors and can be categorized into acute and chronic types. From a treatment perspective, medications that reduce acid and protect the stomach are commonly used. Local heat may relieve stomach pain, bloating, and even pain caused by gastric spasms, but it is not beneficial for controlling stomach inflammation. Therefore, patients are advised to pursue active pharmacological treatment, including medications that protect the stomach. If Helicobacter pylori infection is detected during gastritis examination, treatment targeting Helicobacter pylori is recommended. (Specific medication use should be conducted under the guidance of a doctor.)
What is good to eat for upper gastrointestinal bleeding?
In the acute phase of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, it is recommended that the patient does not consume food and the bleeding situation is observed. Once the condition stabilizes, a liquid diet can be initiated, which may include water, soups, and porridge. Common causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding include gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, vascular malformations, inflammation, and more. Treatment varies depending on the cause; for gastric and duodenal ulcers, medication is generally an option. If the bleeding is due to vascular malformations or tumors, endoscopic treatment or surgical intervention may be necessary. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is relatively common clinically, typically presenting with symptoms of vomiting blood and bloody stools. Significant bleeding can also lead to symptoms such as dizziness, weakness, and chest tightness due to low blood volume. Diagnostic procedures mainly include complete blood count, stool tests, electrocardiograms, and crucially, gastroscopy, which is essential for identifying the specific cause of the bleeding.
How many days does acute gastroenteritis last?
The course of acute gastroenteritis generally lasts about 7 to 10 days. Patients typically have an acute onset, presenting with abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, and abnormal stools. The abdominal discomfort is usually centered around the navel or the lower abdomen, predominantly characterized by intermittent cramping pain. Vomiting usually occurs more severely after eating and generally involves expelling stomach contents, without accompanying hematemesis or bile, and recurs frequently. Abnormal stools commonly involve more frequent bowel movements, colloquially known as diarrhea. Along with an increase in stool frequency, the stool tends to be looser in texture, and some patients may have watery stools, thus typically it presents as an acute episode. General treatment involves diet adjustment and, when necessary, the addition of some oral medications. Generally, conditions gradually improve over about 7 to 10 days. (Please take medication under the guidance of a professional physician.)
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding refers to bleeding that occurs in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding generally refers to bleeding caused by esophageal, gastric, and duodenal lesions, which clinically manifests most commonly as vomiting blood and blood in stools. Of course, some patients may also experience symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, and chest tightness. Common causes to be aware of include inflammation, ulcers, tumors, and vascular malformations, especially gastric and duodenal ulcers which are relatively common in clinical settings. The fastest diagnosis mainly relies on gastroscopy, thus it is recommended that patients who suspect upper gastrointestinal bleeding should undergo a gastroscopy as soon as their condition stabilizes to determine the specific cause of the bleeding, such as digestive tract ulcers or even tumors. For treatment, conservative medical management is initially advised, focusing on aggressive fluid replenishment, acid suppression for gastric protection, and blood volume supplementation. Once the gastroscopy provides a clear diagnosis, the treatment plan should be promptly adjusted.