Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease, commonly known as "ghost shaving." Its mechanism is related to the immune system, and its treatment generally involves immune modulation and symptomatic support. It is important to rest, manage emotions, consume more black foods, and combine scalp massages with oral cysteine, vitamin B6 tablets, and compound glycyrrhizin tablets. Topically, a 5% minoxidil solution and tacrolimus ointment, among other medications, can be applied to the areas of hair loss. Additionally, there are various supplementary approaches including traditional Chinese medicine treatments and physical therapies, such as helium-neon laser irradiation and plum blossom needle tapping. Ensuring adequate sleep and avoiding habits like staying up late are crucial.