Whether surgery is needed for floaters and whether the risks of surgery are significant depends on whether the condition is physiological or pathological. There are many treatment methods for pathological floaters. Some surgeries have higher risks, such as vitrectomy; while others have lower risks, such as intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs. Clinically, floaters are referred to as vitreous opacities and can be divided into physiological and pathological types. Physiological floaters occur when one observes floating black spots in front of the eyes while looking at objects or the blue sky, with no pathological changes found in ophthalmological examinations, thus requiring no treatment. Pathological floaters manifest as a sudden appearance of floaters, a rapid increase in floaters, a fixed black shadow blocking vision, or even a decrease in central vision. These are often seen in conditions such as retinal vascular rupture, vitreous hemorrhage, or vitritis, and it is advisable to consult an ophthalmologist to determine the cause and receive targeted treatment.