Can glaucoma be contagious?

Written by Hu Shu Fang

Ophthalmology

Updated on September 12, 2024

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Glaucoma is not contagious. It is not an infectious disease; rather, it is a group of diseases characterized by increased eye pressure, leading to optic nerve atrophy and vision decline. The most common cause is genetic factors, meaning if elders or parents in the family have this condition, the incidence of glaucoma in their offspring will also be higher. It is an eye disease caused by anatomical abnormalities of the eye. Additionally, some cases of glaucoma are caused by trauma or other reasons, so glaucoma is not contagious.

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Written by Li Zhen Dong

Ophthalmology

52sec

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What happens if glaucoma worsens?

Glaucoma, if left untreated or improperly treated leading to worsening, can result in blindness, which is referred to as absolute glaucoma. In such cases, it becomes impossible to recover vision; in other words, it is irreversible. Therefore, it is crucial to proactively treat glaucoma after its onset by reducing eye pressure to protect vision, adjusting one's mindset, resting adequately, and avoiding close-range activities. The treatment is generally quite successful nowadays. Glaucoma can be classified into acute angle-closure glaucoma and open-angle glaucoma, both of which are types of primary glaucoma. Additionally, it can be categorized into primary glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, congenital glaucoma, and mixed glaucoma. With active treatment, the outcomes for glaucoma are generally good.

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Written by Peng Xi Feng

Ophthalmology

1min 9sec

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Glaucoma open angle vs closed angle differences

Primary glaucoma is clinically divided into two major categories: angle-closure glaucoma and open-angle glaucoma. The difference between them is that angle-closure glaucoma is due to a pre-existing abnormal configuration of the iris, leading to a mechanical blockage of the anterior chamber angle by peripheral iris tissue, which obstructs the outflow of aqueous humor, thus causing an increase in intraocular pressure. In contrast, open-angle glaucoma has a normal appearance of the anterior chamber angle, which remains open, and its increase in intraocular pressure is due to a pathology in the trabecular meshwork’s aqueous humor outflow system, increasing the resistance to aqueous outflow. Currently, the ratio of primary angle-closure glaucoma to primary open-angle glaucoma is about 3:1, making it the most common type of glaucoma in China.

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Written by Zhou Qing

Ophthalmology

1min 14sec

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Early symptoms of glaucoma

Glaucoma is a condition where the intraocular pressure exceeds the tolerance limits of the tissues within the eyeball, especially the optic nerve, causing characteristic optic nerve atrophy and visual field defects. In the early stages of glaucoma, the following symptoms may occur: First, there is eye pain, which may also be accompanied by headaches; Second, transient phenomena of rainbow vision or foggy vision, resembling the appearance of rainbow-like halos around light sources such as light bulbs; Third, there is a family history of glaucoma, especially if suspicious symptoms are present; Fourth, the eyeball becomes harder, and may feel as hard as a stone. Fifth, unexplained decrease in vision or visual field defects. Some glaucomas have atypical early symptoms, but the presence of the above symptoms should be taken seriously and prompt a hospital visit for diagnosis. High-risk groups for glaucoma should undergo annual eye exams to prevent the disease.

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Written by Peng Xi Feng

Ophthalmology

44sec

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The difference between open-angle and closed-angle glaucoma

Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a type of glaucoma caused by the peripheral iris blocking the trabecular meshwork, or permanently adhering to the trabecular meshwork, obstructing the outflow of aqueous humor, leading to increased intraocular pressure. It is characterized by a narrow angle and the anatomical feature of the peripheral iris being prone to contact with the trabecular meshwork. Gonioscopy confirming angle closure is an important diagnostic criterion. The characteristic of open-angle glaucoma, however, is that even though intraocular pressure is elevated, the angle remains open, with the obstruction of aqueous outflow occurring at the trabecular meshwork system.

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Written by Peng Xi Feng

Ophthalmology

50sec

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What is glaucoma?

Glaucoma is one of the main blinding eye diseases in ophthalmology, with a certain genetic predisposition, affecting 10 to 15 percent of direct relatives of patients. Intraocular pressure is the pressure exerted by the contents within the eyeball against its inner wall. Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by distinctive optic nerve atrophy and visual field defects, and pathologically increased intraocular pressure is one of the main risk factors for glaucoma. The level of increased intraocular pressure and the tolerance of the optic nerve to pressure damage are primarily related to the occurrence and progression of glaucomatous optic nerve atrophy and visual field defects.