How is pulpitis caused?

Written by Li Bao Hua
Dentistry
Updated on February 20, 2025
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Pulpitis is caused by bacterial infection. The oral cavity is an environment with bacteria, and if teeth are not brushed promptly after eating, bacteria can break down food into lactic acid, leading to demineralization of the teeth. This further infection causes tooth decay and the formation of cavities. In addition to these cariogenic factors, pulpitis may also be due to periodontitis or the destruction of periodontal supporting tissues, leading to a retrograde infection. There are also large amounts of bacteria in the periodontal pocket. If the periodontal pocket is deep enough to reach the root apex, it may sometimes cause retrograde apical periodontitis. Moreover, if the teeth are malformed and are accidentally bitten off or broken during the eruption process, this can also cause inflammation of the dental nerve, which is pulpitis.

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Written by Li Bao Hua
Dentistry
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Is the effect of infusion therapy good for pulpitis?

The effectiveness of intravenous therapy for pulpitis is not good. Firstly, pulpitis is an inflammatory pain caused by bacterial infection of the dental nerve. If the inflammation is confined within the root canal and does not spread to cause a systemic gap infection, then the effect of intravenous therapy is poor. Intravenous therapy is just an auxiliary treatment that circulates through the body to reach the tooth tissue, and its effect might not be very noticeable. The primary treatment for pulpitis should involve treating the tooth, removing the infected dental tissue. If the dental nerve is not fully exposed, soothing treatment can be performed, which is also a nerve-preserving treatment method for reversible pulpitis. If the decayed tissue is removed and the dental nerve is exposed, indicating that bacteria have infected the dental nerve, soothing treatment is not possible, and root canal treatment of the tooth is necessary. Only then can the symptoms of pulpitis be alleviated.

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How is pulpitis treated?

Pulpitis is an emergency in dentistry, and different types of pulpitis require different treatment methods. The first step in treating pulpitis is to administer anesthesia, and if time allows, root canal treatment should be completed in one session. Root canal treatment involves removing and cleaning the dental nerve inside the root canal in one go, then using dental cement and paste to fill the root canal, thereby inhibiting bacterial growth and reproduction. Generally, three to four root canal treatments are needed. Medication treatments include cephalosporins, erythromycin, and pain relievers to alleviate pain. Additionally, tooth extraction may be advised for severe inflammation and poor dental condition.

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Can pulpitis be treated by tooth extraction?

Pulpitis should not be treated by extraction. Pulpitis is simply a painful response caused by an infection of the pulp tissue and can be managed by preserving the tooth through root canal treatment. First, drill to remove the infected dental tissue, and when the dental nerve is exposed, apply a nerve-killing medication. After the nerve is destroyed, thoroughly remove the infected tissue, then seal the root canal, and after inflammation is controlled, fill the root canal. With treatment, it is possible to preserve teeth with pulpitis and extraction should not be performed. Removing a tooth during an active episode of pulpitis may lead to the systemic spread of inflammation.

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How many days can pulpitis be cured?

Pulpitis can only improve by undergoing dental treatment, with most cases clinically arising from the progression of dental caries. If dental caries are not promptly filled in the early stages to halt their progression, bacteria can further infect and cause nerve damage. After a nerve-killing treatment for pulpitis, pain generally subsides. The specific duration depends on the nerve-killing medication used; some act quickly, usually within 2 days or 48 hours, killing the dental nerve and thus alleviating the pain of pulpitis. Others may act slowly, requiring about 2 weeks, or approximately 14 days.

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Can pulpitis heal by itself?

Pulpitis can pathologically be divided into reversible pulpitis and irreversible pulpitis. Reversible pulpitis can sometimes heal on its own if external thermal stimuli are removed. Clinically, it may manifest as pain intensified by temperature stimuli, which disappears after the stimuli are removed. This condition can improve on its own with appropriate soothing treatment. If pulpitis progresses to irreversible pulpitis, it cannot heal on its own and requires prompt root canal treatment to alleviate the condition. If it worsens, it may lead to symptoms of apical periodontitis, hence root canal treatment needs to be performed as soon as possible for pulpitis.