What is the reason for black dental caries?

Written by Wang Ji Zhong
Internal Medicine
Updated on March 05, 2025
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Cavity prevalence is quite high, especially in children who haven't developed good oral hygiene habits and consume a lot of sweets, making them prone to cavities. Early detection is thus very important. Early symptoms of cavities are not obvious, but with careful observation, one can notice parts of the teeth turning black. This is due to bacterial erosion and damage to the teeth. Damage occurs to the enamel and dentin of the teeth. If this continues to develop, it can lead to damage to the dental pulp, resulting in pulpitis. Therefore, when you notice your teeth turning black, it is crucial to seek timely treatment to prevent the progression to pulpitis.

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Can you ignore a cavity if it doesn't hurt?

When patients develop dental caries, it is recommended that they visit a formal medical institution for treatment. If the tooth decay is not addressed, it may worsen significantly. While it may not always cause pain, the teeth can still be damaged. Over time, the teeth might deteriorate severely, potentially leaving only the roots. This could also lead to damage to the tooth roots, causing inconvenience in the patient's dietary life and might lead to severe complications later on, including pain and irritation to the gum tissue. Therefore, it is advised that patients seek early medical treatment and undergo appropriate therapeutic measures based on the condition of their dental caries.

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Written by Li Bao Hua
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What will happen if tooth decay is not treated?

If dental caries are not treated, they may further infect and cause inflammation of the dental nerves, leading to pulpitis or apical periodontitis, causing severe pain. When apical periodontitis occurs, it may sometimes lead to a space infection, which is facial swelling. If the inflammation is not controlled in time, it may also cause osteomyelitis of the jawbone. Therefore, dental caries need to be treated as early as possible. Dental caries are caused by bacterial infections that lead to the decay of the hard tissues of the teeth; in the early stages of decay, using a drill to stop the development of the disease—namely, timely filling—can effectively control the further progression of dental caries. If dental caries further infect and cause inflammation of the dental nerves, it can lead to pain while eating or sleeping, sometimes waking from sleep due to pain, and in severe cases, it can cause facial swelling.

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Why do cavities turn black?

Cavities generally appear black, while normal teeth are white. The structural changes in the dental tissues due to bacterial infection cause the hard tissues of the teeth to demineralize, enlarging the internal spaces of the teeth. This can cause cavities to appear black under the refraction of sunlight, resulting in a black appearance. Additionally, after the deterioration of the tooth due to decay, the breakdown of the hard tissue allows food residues or plaque to enter the cavities, which can also cause the cavities to turn black. This situation requires early dental filling to remove the decayed parts, followed by root canal treatment, otherwise it can lead to pulpitis, causing tooth pain.

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Will children's cavities grow new teeth?

Children's cavities can also regrow new teeth. Cavities, also known as dental caries, refer to the destruction of hard dental tissues under a bacterial infection. It is crucial to treat children's cavities early, otherwise, they may affect the underlying new teeth. If the cavity reaches the level of periapical inflammation, meaning the dental pulp tissues become pus-filled or necrotic, and gum abscesses appear, it could cause the newly emerged teeth to develop caries. Sometimes, it may also lead to abnormal eruption pathways of the new teeth, such as abnormal eruptions on the lip side or cheek side, resulting in misaligned teeth, which can impact the arrangement of the child’s primary or permanent teeth.

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If half of the cavity is empty, should the tooth be extracted?

Whether a tooth that is half decayed should be extracted depends on the condition of the patient's tooth root. It is recommended that the patient first undergo a dental X-ray to ascertain whether the tooth root is intact. If the tooth root is relatively sound, generally, extraction is not necessary. The decayed material in the tooth can be removed, followed by a pulp capping procedure, and then filling. Due to the severity of the decay, it is advisable to wear a porcelain crown for protection. If the decay has affected the dental pulp causing pulpitis, root canal treatment should be performed before filling the tooth and protecting it with a porcelain crown. However, if the tooth root is severely damaged, considering tooth extraction might be necessary.