What are the symptoms of respiratory failure?

Written by Han Shun Li
Pulmonology
Updated on November 24, 2024
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Respiratory failure is a common critical illness in clinical settings, characterized by serious impairments in the lung's ventilation and gas exchange functions. What are the symptoms after respiratory failure? First and foremost, the earliest and most obvious symptom is difficulty breathing. Many patients experience significant difficulty breathing; severe cases may even involve orthopnea, profuse sweating, and inability to speak. Another important symptom is cyanosis, which is a typical manifestation of hypoxia. Additionally, there can be neuropsychiatric symptoms such as mental confusion, agitation, convulsions, and even coma. Other systems may also exhibit symptoms, such as tachycardia, arrhythmias, and decreased gastrointestinal function.

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Internal Medicine
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Care of Patients with Respiratory Failure

In the nursing care of patients with respiratory failure, it is important to strictly monitor vital signs daily, as respiratory failure is considered an emergency and critical condition clinically. Observe the patient's blood pressure, consciousness state, and respiratory rate. At the same time, good skin care and oral care should be maintained to prevent aspiration pneumonia and bedsores. Most importantly, secretions should be cleared in a timely manner, including phlegm. Conscious patients should be encouraged to cough forcefully. For patients who are weak in coughing, assist them in turning and patting their backs regularly to facilitate the expulsion of phlegm. For comatose patients, mechanical suction can be used to maintain airway patency. It is advisable to avoid factors that may cause breathing difficulties, such as cold wind and poor air circulation. Pay attention to enhancing physical exercise appropriately, preventing colds, and maintaining a regular lifestyle.

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Written by Han Shun Li
Pulmonology
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Treatment principles for respiratory failure

Respiratory failure is a common emergency condition in the respiratory system, with patients often experiencing significant breathing difficulties, cyanosis, etc. So, what are the principles of treatment for respiratory failure? The overall principles of treatment are to enhance respiratory support, including maintaining airway patency, correcting hypoxia through oxygen therapy, and improving ventilation with the use of ventilators, among other measures. Additionally, it is important to intensify treatment of the causes and inducers of respiratory failure, such as controlling infections. Attention should also be paid to general supportive treatment, such as nutritional support, correcting electrolyte imbalances, etc., as well as protecting other vital organs, like the liver and kidneys.

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Written by Han Shun Li
Pulmonology
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How to rescue respiratory failure

Respiratory failure is a very serious condition clinically, and if not handled promptly, many patients may have their lives endangered. The emergency measures for respiratory failure include the following. First, it is necessary to maintain the patency of the airway. If the patient is unconscious, the patient should be placed in a supine position with the head tilted back, the lower jaw lifted, and the mouth opened to clear the airway of secretions and foreign objects. If this is insufficient, tracheal intubation and other methods should be considered to maintain airway patency. Additionally, oxygen therapy, which involves inhaling oxygen, can correct the patient's hypoxic state. If the respiratory function is very poor, consideration should also be given to using a ventilator to assist breathing. Other emergency measures include etiological treatment, supportive treatment, and protecting the function of other vital organs, among others.

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Written by Han Shun Li
Pulmonology
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Causes of Respiratory Failure

Respiratory failure is relatively common in clinical practice and is frequently seen in critical respiratory conditions. The causes of respiratory failure most often arise from diseases of the respiratory and circulatory systems, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute exacerbation of asthma, severe pneumonia, severe pulmonary tuberculosis, diffuse pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary edema, pneumoconiosis, pulmonary embolism, various causes of heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, severe pneumothorax, and substantial pleural effusion, among others. These can all lead to respiratory failure. Therefore, if respiratory distress occurs clinically and respiratory failure is suspected, it is crucial to conduct prompt examinations and actively manage the condition.

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Written by Li Tao
Pulmonology
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What is acute respiratory failure?

Respiratory failure refers to the severe dysfunction in pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange in the respiratory system caused by various reasons under normal conditions. This dysfunction leads to ineffective gas exchange during respiration, resulting in hypoxia in the body and retention of carbon dioxide, thereby causing a series of physiological and metabolic disorders. Typically, under resting conditions at sea-level atmospheric pressure, respiratory failure is defined when arterial oxygen tension falls below 60 mmHg, accompanied by carbon dioxide retention, with carbon dioxide tension exceeding 50 mmHg, or without an increase in carbon dioxide tension. It is categorized into acute respiratory failure and chronic respiratory failure.